Organogenesis y embriogenesis en Curcuma longa a partir de capas delgadas de celulas, segmentos y bases de hoja

Abstract

In spite of its pharmacological, nutritional and industrial properties and its great potential market, Curcuma longa L. has not been commercialized to the extent that would be expected. The difficulty of propagation of the species, which is provided exclusively by vegetative to be a sterile triploid, coupled with the environmental requirements of the crop and its high susceptibility to attack by different pathogens, have been the causes for which has not been given a use according to the properties and potential of the plant. As a strategy for obtaining large numbers of germplasm with optimal phytosanitary characteristics, different techniques have been implemented in vitro culture, including the formation of microrrizomas and micropropagation of plants. However, not yet available efficient methods for somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis induction processes. In this study, we report the effect of different plant growth regulators and their combinations on the leaf segments, leaf bases and thin cells layers (TCL) of Curcuma longa L. for the callus and embryos induction. The evaluated tissues showed a differential response, according to its characteristics and the plant growth regulators added. Embryogenic response was particularly obtained in leaf bases and TCL. On the other hand, it was possible to induce cauline and root morphogenesis simultaneously in all evaluated tissue. Regenerated plants from leaf bases were more vigorous than the others tissues.