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Infection prevention climate, nurses, patient safety, quality care, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Purpose: This study investigated the staff nurses' perception of the infection prevention climate and its predictors in two hospitals.
Design: This is a cross-sectional study employing a convenience sample of 224 staff nurses at two general hospitals in Riyadh province.
Methods: The study utilized a two-part questionnaire that captures respondents' characteristics and the validated tool on Leading a Culture of Quality for Infection Prevention (LCQ-IP). Both descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized accordingly.
Results: The prioritization of quality received the highest mean score among the four factors of the scale (mean = 3.89, SD = 0.65), followed by supportive work environment (mean = 3.88, SD = 0.68), psychological safety (mean = 3.85, SD = 0.65), and improvement orientation (mean = 3.84, SD = 0.64). Nationality, clinical experience, and attendance to seminars or training were identified as significant predictors.
Conclusions: The respondents perceived the infection prevention climate of the two general hospitals positively. This study strengthens the idea that organizational context influences negatively or positively the programs on infection prevention being implemented in the hospitals.
Clinical Relevance: The result may facilitate nursing and hospital management to reflect, examine, and review their organizational climate, the impact of infection prevention initiatives and patient safety strategies, and the reason to amend related policies or improve procedures, including the promotion of a healthy work environment.
For many years, the issue of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs), including their prevention and control, has received considerable attention. The combined data from previous studies across the globe from 1995 to 2010 suggest that pooled HCAI prevalence in mixed patient populations in high-income countries was 7.6%, while the pooled hospital-wide prevalence in low- and middle-income countries was 10.1% (World Health Organization, 2011). A plethora of literature has suggested strategies to improve patient safety with regards to HCAIs and has established the effectiveness of such infection prevention and control (IPC) initiatives (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016; Gardam, Lemieux, Reason, & Goel, 2009; Thompson, Workman, & Strutt, 2009). Despite the availability of guidelines and measures against HCAIs, the implementation of these interventions remains a huge challenge in healthcare facilities (Krein, Kowalski, Hofer, & Saint, 2012; Nelson, 2013; Stone et al., 2014).
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