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Background/Objectives
Toothpaste basically contains triclosan compounds, parabens, and sodium pyrophosphate.(1) However, these compounds can pollute the ecosystem.(2) Therefore, it is necessary to explore active ingredients in natural products that are more environmentally friendly. The objective of this study is to evaluate the physicochemical properties of sea grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) with Thunnus fish bone flour toothpaste and its efficacy in antibacterial activity towards colonizations of cariogenic and periodontal bacterias.
Methods
There are 4 variations of toothpaste formulation, Sea Grape Extract: Calcium carbonate or tuna bone isolate, F1(1,5:45),...