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Bone Marrow Transplantation (2006) 38, 513520 & 2006 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 0268-3369/06 $30.00www.nature.com/bmtORIGINAL ARTICLEPlasma antioxidants in subjects before hematopoietic stem cell transplantationAC White1, AM Sousa1, J Blumberg2, HF Ryan3, BL Fanburg1 and US Kayyali11Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Department of Medicine, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Tupper Research Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; 2Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Tupper Research Institute, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA and 3Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Boston, MA, USAChemo-irradiation induced oxidative damage to vascular endothelium may contribute to pulmonary complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We measured antioxidants, markers of oxidative stress and plasma antioxidant capacity in plasma or serum from 24 subjects at day 7 before HSCT and 20 control subjects. The plasma concentration of extracellular glutathione peroxidase (GPX-3) was signicantly reduced in the HSCT subjects compared with controls (HSCT: 98742 lg/ml, control: 169756 lg/ml, Po0.0001). The concentration of c-tocopherol was signicantly higher in the HSCT subjects compared with controls (HSCT: 2077103 lg/dl; Control: 98752 lg/dl; P 0.0002). The plasma concentrations of protein carbonyl, nitrotyrosine, malondialdehyde, a-tocopherol, vitamin A, homocysteine, cysteine and cysteinylglycine did not differ between HSCT and control subjects. Plasma from HSCT subjects was as effective as control plasma in quenching menadione-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species production in human microvascular endothelial cells. In summary, subjects before HSCT have signicantly reduced plasma concentrations of GPX-3, elevated plasma c-tocopherol yet retains the ability to quench an acute oxidative stress. These changes may play a role in chronic oxidative stress in the HSCT population. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2006) 38, 513520. doi:10.1038/sj.bmt.1705475Keywords: oxidative stress; glutathione peroxidase; translational modelHSCT-related pulmonary complications is not fully understood but animal data suggest that the process of HSCT is associated with an imbalance in the production and breakdown of reactive oxygen species (ROS) including superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxides and peroxynitrites.2,3The intensive chemotherapy and radiation used for marrow ablation and the subsequent inux of donor neutrophils during stem cell engraftment are considered important triggers of excessive ROS generation both in the lung and in other essential organs of subjects undergoing HSCT.2 Inaddition, iron overload from prior blood transfusions has been demonstrated in subjects undergoing HSCT.4 Iron...