Prevalence of Dental Developmental Anomalies among Men and Women and its Psychological Effect in a Given Population

Headnote

Abstract:

Aim:

To determine the prevalence of dental developmental anomalies and its psychological effect between men and women in a given population.

Objective:

The objective of the present study is to determine the prevalence of these dental developmental anomalies, and to determine the etiological factors and its effect in the study population.

Background:

Developmental disturbances refers to an abnormality where the pathology starts in the embryonic stage of human life, before the formation of the dentition. This can be associated with genetic changes or can also be due to environmental effects. These developmental anomalies can occur involving the dentition, tongue, gingiva, hard palate, buccal mucosa and salivary glands.

Reason:

The purpose of the study is to determine the etiological factors and its psychological effect between men and women in a given population.

Keywords: Developmental anomalies, dentition, tongue, hard palate, buccal mucosa, salivary glands.

INTRODUCTION:

Understanding the development of the tooth is still challenging as the tooth forms a specialised part of the human body[1]. This development is considered complete and successful if there is reciprocal interaction between the epithelium and underlying mesenchyme[1]. Molecular signals, receptors and transcription control systems are the major factors that contribute to the development of the tooth[1]. Any interference in any of the above factors less to disturbances in the development leading to development anomalies. Any abnormality whose pathology starts in the embryonic life is referred to as a development defect. Development anomalies of the teeth, oral soft and hard tissues arise due to disturbance in the development of these tissues[2]. This can be as a result of gene mutation or environmental factors[3,4]. Out of the two, the genetic alteration is considered to be the most common etiological factor[4].

Anomalies involving the dentition include alteration in the shape, number, size, position,structure and eruption. Macrodontia, Microdontia, Gemination, Fusion, Dilaceration, Concrescence, Talon's cusp, Dens invaginatus, Dens evaginatus, Enamel pearl, Taurodontism, Supernumerary Roots, Anodontia, Supernumerary Teeth, Pre Deciduous Dentiotion, Post Permanent Dentition, Amelogenesis Imperfecta, Environmental Enamel Hypoplasia, Dentinogenesis...