Prevalence of Hemoglobinopathies in Tribal Region of India: A Retrospective Observational Study

Abstract

Hemoglobinopathies are the common inherited diseases around the world. Thalassemia & sickle cell disease are the important challenges for tribal populations in India. Many study demonstrated the prevalence of haemoglobinopathies in India & among tribes of India but limited data available from Baster tribal region. This study will further lightens the haemoglobinopathies among Baster region of Chhattisgarh state of India. Methods: It was an retrospective observational study, carried out in Late. BRKM Government Medical College, Dimrapal, Jagdalpur which was located at baster region of Chhattisgarh state of India aims to determine the prevalence of various hemoglobinopathies in Baster. Out of 421 suspected patient’s screened for hemoglobinopathies by Capillary electrophoresis. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) used for descriptive analysis. Results: Out of 421 cases, 276 were diagnosed with various type of hemoglobinopathies {49% has HbAS (sickle cell anaemia trait), 3% HbSS (sickle cell disease), 6% sickled beta-thalassemia & 8% HPFH (hereditary persistence of foetal hemoglobin)}. Non-tribal population has higher trends of sickled beta thalassemia 14 (8.28%), Hereditary persistence of foetal hemoglobin 26 (15.38%) and HbAS 122 (72.19%) as compare to tribal population but there was similar prevalence of HbSS among both of these groups. Conclusion: In India, hemoglobin disorders are the great threat for tribal population. As <10% of tribes residing in India and many were extinct. The non-tribal community has more prevent than tribal communities.