Content area
Full Text
http://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/s12011-016-0681-8&domain=pdf
Web End = Biol Trace Elem Res (2016) 173:433442 DOI 10.1007/s12011-016-0681-8
http://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/s12011-016-0681-8&domain=pdf
Web End = Protective Effects of Selenium, Vitamin E, and PurpleCarrot Anthocyanins on D-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Damage in Blood, Liver, Heart and Kidney Rats
Xia Li1 & Yunlong Zhang1 & Yuan Yuan1 & Yong Sun1 & Yan Qin1 & Zeyuan Deng1,2 &
Hongyan Li1
Received: 21 January 2016 /Accepted: 16 March 2016 /Published online: 30 March 2016 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016
Abstract The present study was performed to investigate the protective effects of selenium (Se), vitamin E (Vit E) and anthocyanins from purple carrots and their combination against the oxidative stress induced by D-galactose in rats. A total of 80 male rats were equally divided into 11 groups, one of which acted as control (I) just receiving intraperitoneal injections of physiological saline. The remaining ten groups (IIXI) were intraperitoneally injected with D-galactose at a dose of 400 mg kg1 body weight (BW) per day for 42 consecutive days. Rats in groups IIIXI were treated with antioxidants via gavage per day as follows: group III: Semethylselenocysteine (SeMSC), IV: Se as sodium selenite (Na2SeO3), V: Se-enriched yeast (SeY), VI: Vit E as -tocopherol acetate, VII: anthocyanin from purple carrots (APC), VIII: APC + Vit E, IX: SeMSC + APC+ Vit E, X: Na2SeO3 + APC + Vit E, XI: SeY + Ant + Vit E. The results showed that the rats treated with antioxidants (IIIXI) showed significant decreases in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyl protein (PCO) compared with the D-galactose-treated group (II) in the heart, liver, kidneys, and blood. Moreover, there were significant increases in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione (GSH) concentration, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the heart, liver, kidneys, and blood of antioxidant-treated animals (IIIXI) than those in control group (I). In addition, the combined treatments of two or three
antioxidants showed greater antioxidant activities than those of individual treatments, suggesting the synergistic antioxidant effects of Se, Vit E, and APC. In conclusion, all the antioxidants exhibited protective effects against D-galactose-induced oxidative damage in rats, and these antioxidants showed a synergistic effect.
Keywords Synergistic effect . Antioxidant activity . Selenium . Vitamin E . Anthocyanins
Introduction
Oxidative stress is a consequence...