Abstract

REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) is a key feature for the diagnosis of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD). We introduce RBDtector, a novel open-source software to score RSWA according to established SINBAR visual scoring criteria. We assessed muscle activity of the mentalis, flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), and anterior tibialis (AT) muscles. RSWA was scored manually as tonic, phasic, and any activity by human scorers as well as using RBDtector in 20 subjects. Subsequently, 174 subjects (72 without RBD and 102 with RBD) were analysed with RBDtector to show the algorithm’s applicability. We additionally compared RBDtector estimates to a previously published dataset. RBDtector showed robust conformity with human scorings. The highest congruency was achieved for phasic and any activity of the FDS. Combining mentalis any and FDS any, RBDtector identified RBD subjects with 100% specificity and 96% sensitivity applying a cut-off of 20.6%. Comparable performance was obtained without manual artefact removal. RBD subjects also showed muscle bouts of higher amplitude and longer duration. RBDtector provides estimates of tonic, phasic, and any activity comparable to human scorings. RBDtector, which is freely available, can help identify RBD subjects and provides reliable RSWA metrics.

Details

Title
RBDtector: an open-source software to detect REM sleep without atonia according to visual scoring criteria
Author
Röthenbacher, Annika 1 ; Cesari, Matteo 2 ; Doppler, Christopher E. J. 3 ; Okkels, Niels 4 ; Willemsen, Nele 5 ; Sembowski, Nora 5 ; Seger, Aline 3 ; Lindner, Marie 5 ; Brune, Corinna 5 ; Stefani, Ambra 2 ; Högl, Birgit 2 ; Bialonski, Stephan 6 ; Borghammer, Per 7 ; Fink, Gereon R. 3 ; Schober, Martin 1 ; Sommerauer, Michael 8 

 Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich, Germany (GRID:grid.8385.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 2297 375X) 
 Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Neurology, Innsbruck, Austria (GRID:grid.5361.1) (ISNI:0000 0000 8853 2677) 
 University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cologne, Germany (GRID:grid.411097.a) (ISNI:0000 0000 8852 305X); Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Jülich, Germany (GRID:grid.8385.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 2297 375X) 
 Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus, Denmark (GRID:grid.154185.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0512 597X); Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Aarhus, Denmark (GRID:grid.154185.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0512 597X); Aarhus University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark (GRID:grid.7048.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 1956 2722) 
 University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cologne, Germany (GRID:grid.411097.a) (ISNI:0000 0000 8852 305X) 
 FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Department of Medical Engineering and Technomathematics, Jülich, Germany (GRID:grid.434081.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 0698 0538); FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Institute for Data-Driven Technologies, Jülich, Germany (GRID:grid.434081.a) (ISNI:0000 0001 0698 0538) 
 Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus, Denmark (GRID:grid.154185.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0512 597X) 
 University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cologne, Germany (GRID:grid.411097.a) (ISNI:0000 0000 8852 305X); Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Jülich, Germany (GRID:grid.8385.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 2297 375X); Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus, Denmark (GRID:grid.154185.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0512 597X) 
Publication year
2022
Publication date
2022
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20452322
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2745499018
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.