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Voluntas (2016) 27:22742291
DOI 10.1007/s11266-015-9660-5
http://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/s11266-015-9660-5&domain=pdf
Web End = http://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/s11266-015-9660-5&domain=pdf
Web End = Red Cross Society in Imperial China, 19041912: A Historical Analysis
Yannan Li1
Published online: 5 October 2015 International Society for Third-Sector Research and The Johns Hopkins University 2015
Abstract The Red Cross Society was introduced to China in the 1900s, when the nation was under the authoritarian reign of Qing dynasty. Famines and rebellions, along with the invasion of foreign military forces, created tremendous humanitarian crises that the corrupted imperial government was incapable to address. The Red Cross model was found to be a pragmatic solution by Chinese philanthropists. Using archived press releases, correspondences, and government statements, the study reconstructs the founding process of the rst Chinese Red Cross organization from 1904 to 1912. The analysis reveals that the organization reected the congruent interest of the imperial court and social elites in preserving the sovereignty and was therefore promoted by key players from both political and civil spheres. The trajectory of Red Cross movement in imperial China supports the synergism perspective of institutional theories. It demonstrates how micro-level factors such as leadership ties and alliances contribute to the interdependence of public and private sectors and facilitate the transformation of traditional charity to modern philanthropy.
Rsum La Croix-Rouge a t lance en Chine dans les annes 1900, lorsque le pays tait sous le rgne autoritaire de la dynastie Qing. Les famines, les rbellions ainsi que linvasion de forces militaires trangres ont caus dimmenses crises humanitaires auxquelles le gouvernement imprial corrompu tait incapable de faire face. Le modle de la Croix-Rouge a t considr comme une solution pragmatique
NGOs and nonprots are used interchangeably in the article to describe the same type of organizations that operate independently of government and deliver resources for social or political purposes. The term NGO is typically used to describe nonprot organizations that are not based in the United States.
& Yannan Li [email protected]
1 Indiana University Lilly Family School of Philanthropy, 550 W. North St., Suite 301,Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Voluntas (2016) 27:22742291 2275
par les philanthropes chinois. laide darchives de communiqus de presse, de correspondances et de dclarations des gouvernements, ltude retrace le processus fondateur de la premire organisation de la Croix-Rouge chinoise de 1904 1912....