Content area
Full text
Drug addiction is a worldwide problem which is increasing day by day. Both males and females suffer from drug addiction. Addiction treatment is a very serious matter. If treatment is not given properly, maintenance is not done, special treatment is not given according to the need, then relapse occurs. Re-emergence of initial symptoms of treatment is termed as relapse. Relapse is a complex phenomenon that is affected by various factors. In most of the cases, relapse occurs within three months after treatment. But the risk of relapse remains even after one year of treatment. Drug abuse has become an interesting topic for research nowadays. This has a lot of implications in the field of health. The current study includes a review about drug/substance abuse and post-treatment relapse. The purpose of this review is to highlight the psychosocial factors affecting relapse. After reviewing various research studies, it has been concluded that relapse is influenced by various personality traits including self-efficacy, concentration, self-esteem, curiosity, hopelessness, impulsivity, locus of control; learning factors (i.e., Positive reinforcement, motivation, outcome expectancy, conditioning); interpersonal and social factors including family problems, marital issues, interpersonal conflicts, friend support, divorce, social support, social stress, social media, lack of communication; and other psychological factors such as depression, anxiety, isolation, frustration, discomfort, sleep problems, sexual harassment, religious faith etc.
Keywords: drug addiction, relapse, psychosocial factors
Drug addiction is a multidimensional problem. Various factors influence drug addiction. If the treahnent of drug addiction is not successful, then the problem ofrelapse is seen. Majority of patients are relapsed within one year, out of which the first three months are more vulnerable period. Relapse is a complex and dynamic phenomenon. If we talk about the definition of relapse, then it is defined from two perspectives. It can be explained on the basis of both neurological and psychosocial processes. First, according to the English dictionary relapse is defined as " a way of behaving that is undesirable, you mean that they start to behave in that way again" (Collins English Dictionary, 2023). Second, According to Marlatt and Donovan (1985), relapse is defined as "an act or instance of backsliding, worsening or subsiding".
In simple words, relapse is a sense of failure. According to the American Society of Addiction Mediernes (2020)...