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INTRODUCTION
PMS is a disorder characterized by physical, behavioral and emotional symptoms, which increases in severity during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.1 While the prevalence of PMS varies, 47.8% (32.6%-62.9%) was reported in a meta-analysis study.2 In women, physical symptoms such as breast tenderness, fluid retention leading to weight gain, fatigue, nausea, and constipation can occur in the premenstrual period. Also psychological symptoms such as the tendency to become angry, irritable, tense, anxious, and restless as well as behavioral symptoms like depression, nervousness, and crying are seen.3 Over 40 million women worldwide experience these symptoms.4 While approximately 90% of women have only mild premenstrual symptoms, approximately 20% have to cope with symptoms that severely disrupt their daily lives.5 Anger and irritability are one of the most severe and persistent symptoms of PMS that adversely affect women.1
It is reported that women frequently complain of anger and irritability in the premenstrual period.6 However, the relationship between anger and PMS has not been fully elucidated. There is not enough work on this subject. It is thought that hormonal changes in the menstrual cycle (fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels) affect the mood of women and trigger negative emotions such as anger and irritability. But no definitive evidence has yet been obtained on the relationship between PMS symptomatology and anger. There are few studies analyzing the relationship between PMS and anger. But, it is known that women who are able to control anger in daily life lose their anger management ability in the premenstrual period.
The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of PMS, a common disorder affecting women throughout their reproductive years, and the relationship between PMS and anger. This study can contribute to the literature regarding the relationship between PMS and anger because there are limited studies available.
Research Questions
• What is the prevalence of PMS in women aged 15-49?
• Is there a relationship between PMS and anger levels in women?
METHODS
This cross-sectional study population consisted of 8230 women aged 15-49, who are registered in a family health center. The sample size of the study was calculated as 311 women with a 95% confidence interval and a 5% error margin, assuming a 30% incidence of PMS in...