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96Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Vol. 140, No. 1, 2005 MORPHOLOGY AND PATHOMORPHOLOGYReparative Osteogenesis during Transplantationof Mesenchymal Stem CellsT. Kh. Fatkhudinov*, D. V. Goldshtein*,***, A. A. Pulin*,D. A. Shamenkov*, A. A. Rzhaninova*, S. A. Gornostaeva*,A. S. Grigoryan**, and A. A. Kulakov**Translated from Byulleten Eksperimentalnoi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 140, No. 7, pp. 109-113, July, 2005
Original article submitted March 2, 2005Reparative osteogenesis was studied after xenotransplantation of suspension cell graft from
human mesenchymal stem cells. A model of experimental damage to rat femoral diaphysis
was developed. The state of animals was satisfactory and non-depressed in the early and late
postoperation period. We revealed no local pathological reactions and complications. Administration of mesenchymal stem cells into the area of bone defect accelerated and improved
regeneration. Unilateral transplantation of the cell graft stimulated regeneration in the contralateral limb due to acceleration of bone tissue maturation. On day 90 after treatment the bone
regenerate was completely developed in the area of defect in animals of various groups. The
newly formed bone tissue was well integrated into the bone organ.Key Words: reparative osteogenesis; mesenchymal stem cell; histomorphometric studyHigh incidence of traumas and degenerative disorders
of the locomotor apparatus and early employment or
house disability reflects the absence of effective methods for pharmacotherapy and surgical treatment [3].
Despite high regeneration activity of the bone tissue,
reparative osteogenesis does not necessarily result in
structural and functional recovery of the bone organ
(even after treatment with osteoplastic and osteoinductive materials). This state is associated with disintegration or insufficiency of cambial cells in the bone
tissue and designated as osteogenic deficiency [1].
Taking into account deficiency of functionally active
precursors, transplantation of auto- or allogeneic precursor cells holds much promise for the therapy of
traumas and diseases [1]. Cultures of stem/progenitor
cells are now obtained under laboratory conditions.
There are several populations of self-renewing cells
that possess high proliferative activity and determine
the growth and reconstruction of bone tissue [3,5].
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can be isolated, cultured, and applied to stimulate regeneration during
diseases of the bone and cartilaginous tissue [4-6].MATERIALS AND METHODSFresh autopsy specimens were isolated from healthy
women 2-3 h after induced abortion (18-20 weeks
pregnancy) and used to obtain the culture of bone
marrow stromal MSC. The...