KVANTITATIVNAIKVALITATIVNA OBILJEZJA JEZICNO - GOVORNE EKSPRESIJE DJECE SNIZENOG KOGNITIVNOG FUNKCIONIRANJA RAZLICITE ETIOLOGIJE
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF SPEECH - LANGUAGE EXPRESSIN IN CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES OF DIFFERENT ETIOLOGIES
LJILJANA BANEK
Sazetak doktorske disertacije
Doctoral Dissertations Abstracts
UDK: 376.1-056.264
Dr. sc. Ljiljana Bcmek obranila je doktorsku disertaciju 4. srpnja 2012. godine na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskom fakultetu Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Povjerenstvo za obranu cinili su: prof. dr.sc. Diana Arapovic, redovita profesorica Edukacijsko- rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, predsjednica, profdr.sc. Drazenka Blazi, redovita profesorica Edukacijsko- rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clanica i mentorica, prof dr. sc. Dunja Pavlicevic Franic, redovita profesorica Uciteljskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, vanjska clanica.
Sazetak: Iako je opee prihvaceno misljenje da djeca snizenog kognitivnogfunkcioniranja imaju teskoee u komunikaciji, jeziku i govoru, u hrvatskom jeziku nisu provedena detaljna ispitivanja jezicno-govomog funkcioniranja po jezicnim sastavnicama. Ovim istrazivanjem zeljeli smo opisati i usustaviti kvantitativne i kvalitativne slicnosti i razlike u jezicno-govomoj ekspresiji po jezicnim sastavnicama: fonologiji, gramatici (morfologiji i sintaksi) i semantici kod djece snizenog kognitivnog funkcioniranja. Uzorak od 75 ispitanika snizenog kognitivnog funkcioniranja u dobi od 10 do 14 godina bio je podijeljen u podskupine s obzirom na spol, dijagnozu, odnosno stupanj inteketualnog ?[straight phi]??? (LMR i UMR), prisustvo dodatnih teskoca, vrstu dodatnih teskoca (ADHD sindrom, epilepsiju, i Downov sindrom), odstupanja u gradi aiiikulacijskih Organa i odstupanjafunkciji aiiikulacijskih Organa. Najveci dio uzorka cinili su ispitanici s Downovim sindromom, dok su ostali dio uzorka cinili ispitanici snizenog kognitivnog funkcioniranja nepoznate etiologije. Dobiveni podatci pokazali su nam da se podskupine ispitanika snizenog kognitivnog funkcioniranja statisticki znacajno razlikuju, te da su razlike izmedu podskupina ispitanika na jezicnim sastavnicama kvantitativne, ali ne i kvalitativne. Usporedujuci dobivene rezultate s onima koje su postigli ispitanici s posebnim jezicnim teskocama mlade kronoloske dobi, temeljem primjene istih ili slicnih mjernih instnimenata, vidljivo je da ispitanici snizenog kognitivnog funkcioniranja i ispitanici s PJT-om mlade dobi rade kvantitativno i kvalitativno drugacije vrste gi'esaka.
Kljucne rijeci: snizeno kognitivno funkcioniranje, kvantitativne i kvalitativne slicnosti i razlike, jezicno-govorna ekspresija, jezicne sastavnice, ispitanici s PJT-om
Abstract: In spite of the generally accepted opinion that children with lower cognitive functioning have communication, speech and language difficulties, yet, in Croatia, the research with detailed components of language investigation has not been conducted. The aim of this research was to describe and systematize quantitative or qualitative similarities and differences in speech language expression according to its components: phonology, grammar (morphology and syntax) as well semantics in children with lower cognitive functioning.
The sample of 75 subjects aged 10 to 14 has been divided in subgroups according to gender, diagnosis (actually the level of intellectual functioning), co morbidity of additional disabilities and their types, the structure of articulatoiy organs and disorders of functioning of articulatoiy organs.
Data obtained have shown that subgroups of subjects with lower cognitive functioning (regardless of gi'eat individual differences) differ statistically significant in quantitative aspect of language components rather then quality aspect. All groups made similar errors in same variables. The subjects with lower cognitive functioning, according to application of same or similar measuring instruments as well as younger subjects with specific language impairment (SLI) make quantitavely and qualitatively different types of mistakes. Subjects with lower cognitive functioning make more mistakes, which are also more severe when compared to subjects with SLI even of younger age. Differences in quality and type of mistakes as well as mistakes in quantity of answers are present in all tasks and language components.
This data tells us that language recognition and language knowledge depend on intellectual capabilities and that intellectual capacity is key prerequisite for language acquisition. It is obvious that deficits in intellectual functioning disturb language acquisition as well as the use of language in later (school) age and it is the main generator of language disorders. Since younger subjects with SLI do not suffer from intellectual disabilities they show better language abilities then subjects with intellectual disabilities.
Key words: lower intellectual functioning, quantitative and qualitative similarities and differences, speech and language expression, language components, subjects with specific language impairment (SLI)
RELACIJE UNUTAR OBITELJI S ASPEKTA RANE INTERVENCIJE U DJETINJSTVU
RELATIONSHIP WITHIN THE FAMILY IN TERMS OF EARLY INTERVENTION
DAJANA BULIC
Sazetak doktorske disertacije
Doctoral Dissertations Abstracts
UDK: 376.1-056.26
Dr.sc. Dajana Bulic obranila je doktorsku disertaciju 10. prosinca 2012. godine na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskom fakultetu Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Povjerenstvo za obranu cinili su: prof. dr. sc. Branko Nikolic, redovitiprofesor Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, predsjednik, doc. dr. sc. Martina Ferie Slehan, docentica Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clanica, doc. dr. sc. Ana Wagner Jakab, docentica Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clanica, pro f dr. sc. Ingeborg Barisic, redovita pro fesorica Medicinskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, vanjska clanica, prof dr. sc. Ines Jokovic Oreb, izvanredna profesorica Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, mentorica.
Sazetak: Ovom diseiiacijompokusao se dati doprinos razumijevanju vremenskepreopterecenosti majki djece s teskocama u razvoju putem dozhljaja roditeljskogzadovoljstva istim (stresa i osjecaja mditeljske kompetencije) na podrucju kontinentalne i primorske Hrmtske.
Postavljena je pretpostavka da postoje razlike u shvacanju obitelji ipodjeli obveza u njoj u tim dvjema regijama (Akrap i Zivic, 2001). Uprimorskoj Hn'atskoj djeca se cesce radaju u obitelji roditelja koji su u braku, razvodi su rjedi i ijede su jednoroditeljske obitelji. Takoder se pretpostavilo da su kulturna obiljezja razlicita.
Temeljem rezultata istrazivanja na uzorku (114) majki djece s teskocama u razvoju na podrucju kontinentalne i primorske Hrvatske, sukladno s postavljenim istrazivackim problemima, moguce je izvesti sljedece zakljucke:
Majka je najvise angazirana u brizi za dijete s teskocama u razvoju, poglavito najmlade dobne skupine. Kako raste djetetova kronoloska dob, broj njenih aktivnosti znatno se smanjuje, no ostaje velika kolicina vremena posvecena djetetu neovisno o njegovoj dobi. Najvise vremena i aktivnosti otacposvecuje djetetu u srednjoj dobi (1-3 godine). Dok angazman rodbine prati obrazac oca (najveci u srednjoj dobi, 1-3 godine), drugi (dadilje, terapeuti) ga povecavaju (i u aktivnostima i u satima) u starijoj djetetovoj dobi (3-6 godina). Isto tako mozemo zakljuciti da zadovoljstvo majki iz uzorka nije ovisno o tome koliko su angazirane oko djeteta. Njihovo nezadovoljstvo vlastitim angazmanom raste tek spovecanjem angazmana drugih osoba (dadilje, terapeuti...), dok zadovoljstvo raste s povecanjem angazmana oca i rodbine.
Kratki inventar simptoma upucuje da su majcina emocionalna stanja blago povezana (osim depresije) s ocevim angazmanom na nacin da razina stresa raste s povecanjem oceve aktivnosti. Razina stresa u bilo kojoj dimenziji nije povezana s angazmanom rodbine ili ostalih. No oko se stres mjeri Kratkim inventarom simptoma, onda postoji velika povezanost izmedu angazmana ostalih (dadilje i dr. ) i svih domeña testa koji sugeriraju da vécu razinu stresa dozivljavaju majke cijim se djetetom bave i drugi.
Evidentno je da postoji statisticki znacajna regionalna razlika u vremenskom angazmanu majke, oca, rodaka i drugih u obiteljima djeteta s teskocama u razvoju. Podaci govore da su u kontinentalnoj Hwatskoj nakon majki najvise angazirani ocevi pa rodbina, dok je u primorskoj Hwatskoj nakon majki najvise angazirana rodbina pa tek ocevi.
Vidljivo je da je u objema regijama majka podjednako angazirana u aktivnostima, no majke iz kontinentalne Hn'atske posvecuju djetetu veci broj sati u odnosu na majke iz primorske Hn'atske. Situacija je obrnuta kadje rijec u rodbini koja znatno vise vremena provodi s djecom u primorskoj Hn'atskoj. Za ostale (otac, drugi) ne postoje bitne razlike medu regijama.
No obrazac povezanosti majcina stresa te vremenskog angazmanarodbine i drugih osoba (dadilja, terapeuta) znatno se regionalno razlikuje. Majke u kontinentalnoj Hrvatskoj prozivljavaju vécu razinu stresa koji je i definirán kao takav, dok se u primorskoj Hn'atskoj stres ocituje kroz somatizaciju simptoma sto je u skladu s kulturom u kojoj majke zive.
Zakljucno mozemo reci da u primorskoj i kontinentalnoj Hn'atskoj podrska clanova obitelji (oca i rodbine) pridonosi majcinu zadovoljstvu opcenito kao i zadovoljstvu ispunjavanja roditeljske uloge, neovisno o velikom vremenskom opterecenju i brojnim aktivnostima oko djeteta.
Kljucne rijeci: obitelj, rana intervencija, angazman majki
Abstract: The aim of this dissertation is to contribute to the understanding of the burdened time involvement of the mothers of children with developmental difficulties through the experience of parental contentment (stress and feelings of parental competence) in continental and coastal Croatia.
The main hypothesis is that there are differences in understanding the concept of family and the division of obligations within the family (Akrap&Zivic, 2001). In coastal Croatia children are often bom within marriage, divorces are rare as well as single- parent families. It is also assumed that cultural characteristics are different.
Based on the results of the study, in which participated the sample of 114 mothers of children with developmental disabilities from coastal and continental Croatia, according to the previously defined research problems, the following conclusions can be made:
Mother is the most engaged in caring for a child with developmental difficulties, especially during the youngest age of the child. As the child's chronological age increases, the number of mother's activities is significantly reduced, but the amount of time devoted to the child still remains, regardless of age. Father devotes the majority of his time and takes part in activities during the child's middle age (1-3 years). Wltile the engagement of relatives follows the pattern of fathers 'engagement (the highest level in the child's middle age), the involvement of others (nannies, therapists) increases (in terms of activities and hours) in the child's older age (3-6years).
In similar way, we can conclude that the satisfaction of mothers that participated in the research does not depend on the amount of time spent on child care. The dissatisfaction of mothers in the sample grows with the increased involvement of other people (nannies, therapists), while the satisfaction grows with the increased involvement of fathers and relatives.
A short inventoty of symptoms suggests that the mother's emotional states are slightly related (besides depression) to the father's engagement in the way that the level of stress increases with the increasement of father's engagement. The level of stress, in any dimension, is not associated with the engagement of relatives or other people. But if the level of stress is measured with the short inventoty of symptoms, than there is a significant correlation between the commitment of others (nurse, etc.) and all parameters of the test which suggest that mothers who share their child's care with others suffer from higher levels of stress.
According to the results, it is evident that there is a statistically significant difference between the regions in the time involvement of mothers, fathers, relatives and other members of the family of a child with developmental difficulties. The results show that in continental Croatia the most committed members of the family after mothers are fathers, while in coastal Croatia the most committed members are relatives and then fathers.
It is evident that in both regions mothers are equally involved in the activities, but mothers in continental Croatia dedicate a larger amount of time to their child in relation to mothers in coastal Croatia. Tire situation is inversed when it comes to the level of involvement of relatives who tend to spend significantly more time with children in coastal Croatia. For other people (father, etc.) there are no significant differences between regions.
However, the pattern of correlation between maternal stress and time involvement of relatives and other persons (babysitter, therapist) differ significantly between regions. Mothers in continental Croatia are experiencing greater levels of stress, which is defined as such, while in coastal Croatia stress is manifested through somatization of symptoms which is consistent with the culture in which mothers live.
In conclusion, we can say that in continental and coastal Croatia the support of family members (father and relatives) contributes to the mother's satisfaction in general as well as to the mother's contentment of fulfilling parental roles, regardless of the greater time load and number of activities related to the child.
Key words: family, early intervention, mothers activities
MUZICKA IMPROVIZACIJA KAO OBLIK MUZIKOTERAPIJE U RANOJINTERVENCIJI KOD DJECE S TESKOCAMA KOMUNIKACIJE
MUSIC IMPROVISATION AS FORM OF MUSIC THERAPY IN EARLY INTERVENTION WITH CHILDREN WITH SOCIAL COMMUNICATION DIFFICULTIES
KSENIJA BURIC
Sazetak doktorske disertacije
Doctoral Dissertations Abstracts
UDK: 615.86
Dr.sc. Ksenija Buric obranila je doktorsku disertaciju 13. prosinca 2012. godine na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskomfakultetu Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Povjerenstvo za obranu cinili su: prof. dr. sc. Diana Arapovic, redovita profesorica Edukacijsko- rehabilitacijskog fakultet a Sveucilista u Zagrebu, predsjednica, dr. sc. Jasmina Ivsac Pavlisa, znanstvena novakinja u suradnickom zvanju vise asistentice Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clanica, prof dr. sc. Vlatka Mejaski Bosnjak, redovita profesorica Medicinskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, vanjska clanica. Doktorska disertacija izradena je pod mentorstvom prof dr. sc. Marte Ljubesic, redovite profesorice Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu i doc. dr. sc. Krzysztofora Stachyra, docenta sa Sveucilista Maria Curie-Sklodowska u Poljskoj.
Sazetak: Za djecu ciji je razvoj popracen teskocama socijalne komunikacije, ukljucenost u muziciranje moze biti siguran put u socijalizaciju. Izuzetno je vazno osigurati rami dijagnozu i intervenciju u djece s poremecajima u komuniciranju i ophodenju. Rana intervencija pociva na spoznaji da rane godine sadrze jedinstvenu moguenost za utjecaj na djetetov razvoj s dugorocnim ucincima. Tijekom muzikoterapije dijete stvara muziku kojom istrazuje i izrice svoje osjecaje, rjesava svoje teskoee, razvija muzicke i nemuzicke vjestine, ipronalazi nacin stvaranja odnosa s drugima.
U ovom istrazivanju pratile su se promjene koje su se dogadale kod trinaestero ispitanika tijekom muzikoterapijskog tretmana (koji se provodio jedan puta tjedno tijekom 10 tjedana) i nakon stänke od 10 tjedana bez muzikoterapijskog tretmana (kada je provedeno jos jedna seansa) na cetiri ispitivane domeñe na IMTAP ljestvici: emocionalnost, socijalne vjestine, ekspresivna komunikativnost i muzikalnost. Zanimalo nos je i kakve ce ucinke imati muzikoterapijski tretman na mjerenja na ljestvici KORALJE i ljestvici CSBS-DP te hoce Ii roditelji uociti stanovite promjene kod djece nakon provedenog tretmana.
Za dobivanje rezultata u ovom istrazivanju koristene su deskriptivna statistika, testiranje znacajnosti razlika izmedu aritmetickih sredina t-testom te izracun ^[straight phi]^[varepsilon]η??? korelacije (Pearsonov i Spearmanov koeficijent korelacije). Rezultati pokazuju da postoji statisticki znacajna promjena na domenama emocionalnost (p=.001), socijalne vjestine (p=.001), ekspresivna komunikativnost (p=.000) tijekom muzikoterapijskog tretmana. Razlike na svim domenama izmedu kraja muzikoterapijskog tretmana i kraja cjelokupnog istrazivackogprograma velike su i statisticki znacajne: socijalne vjestine (p=.000), ekspresivna komunikativnost (p=.000), emocionalnost (p=.001) muzikalnost (p=.003). Iako nije registrirana statisticki znacajna promjena muzikoterapijski tretman djelovao je na razvoj jezicnih, komunikacijskih i simbolickih sposobnosti ispitanika. Tijekom cjelokupnog istrazivackog programa na svim istrazivanim domenama nastajala je sve veca povezanost rezultata na ljestvici KORALJE i ljestvici CSBS-DP s rezultatima na ljestvici IMTAP.
Prema rezultatima dobivenim roditeljskom procjenom vidljiva je znacajna promjena koju su roditelji primijetili i potvrdili da vjestine potpomognute muzickim improvizacijama i stecene tijekom muzikoterapijskog tretmana dijete moze primjenjivati u svakodnevnim aktivnostima.
Muzicke improvizacije su se pokazale kao metoda koja pridonosi imutamjem povezivanju razvojnih domeña kod djece s teskocama socijalne komunikacije i njihovom sve skladnijem funkcioniranju.
Kljucne rijeci: djeca s teskocama socijalne komunikacije, muzikoterapija, rana intervencija, improvizacija
Abstract: For children whose development is accompanied with difficulties in social communication, involvement in music making can be a safe way to socialize. It is extremely important to ensure early diagnosis and intervention for children with communication difficulties. Early intetvention is based on the recognition that early years contain a unique opportunity to influence the child's development with long-term effects. During music therapy child creates music and can explore and express her/his feelings, resolve difficulties, develop musical and nonmusical skills, and find a way to relate and communicate to others.
This study followed the changes that have occurred with thirteen children during music therapy treatment and after the break of 10 weeks without music therapy treatment in four study domains on the IMTAP scale: emotional, social skills, expressive communication and musicality. We were interested in effects that music therapy treatment can have on the measurements on Communicative Development Inventories and CSBS-DP scale, and whether parents will noticed certain changes in their child's behaviour features after the treatment.
To obtain the results in this study, descriptive statistics, testing for significant differences between means by t-test and the calculation of correlation coefficients (Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient) were used. The results show a statistically significant change in the emotional domain (p=.001), social skills (p=.001) and expressive communication domain (p=.000) during music therapy treatment. The differences in all domains between the end of treatment and the end of the entire research program are big and statistically significant: social skills (p=.000), expressive communication skills (p=.000), emotion (p=.001) musicality (p=.003). Although not registered as significant change the whole music therapy treatment supported the development of language, communication and symbolic abilities. During the entire research program in all the studied domain increasing correlation between the results on the Communicative Development Inventories and CSBS-DP scale with the results on the scale IMTAP emerge.
According to the results obtained by parental estimate it is noticeable that a significant change is noticed and it is confirmed that musical improvisation skills during music therapy treatment assist child and can be applied in herßiis daily activities.
Musical improvisations have emerged as the method that contributes to the inner connection of developmental domains with children with difficulties in social communication and can help harmonious functioning.
Key words: children with difficulties in social communication, music therapy, early intervention, improvisation
VOKALNIZAMOR U NASTAVNICA: ANALIZA KVALITETE GLASAIDUGOTRAJNOG PROSJECNOG SPEKTRA GOVORA
VOCAL FATIGUE IN FEMALE TEACHERS: VOICE QUALITY AND LONG-TERM AVERAGE SPECTRUM ANALYSES OF SPEECH
GORDANA KOVACIC
Sazetak doktorske disertacije
Doctoral Dissertations Abstracts
UDK: 376.1 -056.264
Dr. sc. Gordana Kovacic obranila je doktorsku disertaciju 5. lipnja 2012. godine na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskomfakultetu Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Povjerenstvo za obranu cinili su: prof. dr. sc. Drazenka Blazi, redovita profesorica Edukacijsko- rehabilitacijskog fakultet a Sveucilista u Zagrebu, predsjednica, prof dr. sc. Emica Farago, izvanredna profesorica Edukacijsko- rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clanica, mentorica, prof dr. sc. Hwoje Domitrovic, redovitiprofesor Fakulteta elektrotehnike i racunarstva Sveucilista u Zagrebu, vanjski clan, mentor, prof dr. sc. Sinisa Fajt, izvanredni profesor Fakulteta elektrotehnike i racunarstva Sveucilista u Zagrebu, vanjski clan, prof dr. sc. Damir Horga, redoviti profesor Filozofskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, vanjski clan.
Sazetak: Vokalni je zamor funkcionalna slabost glasa. U istrazivanju se provjerilo postoje li razlike u akustickim karakteristikama glasa i u kvaliteti glasa izmedu nastavnica s vokalnim zamorom i nastavnica bez vokalnoga zamora. Ispitana je povezanost subjektivnih simptoma vokalnoga zamora s akustickim varijablama, te s kvalitetom glasa. Nadalje, ispitana je i latentna struktura glasa. U istrazivanju je sudjelovalo 50 nastavnica. S ozbirom na broj subjektivnih smetnji vezanih za vokalni zamor utvrdenih upitnikom podijeljene su u dvije skupine: eksperimentalnu, u kojoj su nastavnice s barem 3 simptoma (N=23, KD: 43,30 god.; nastavnicki staz: 17,78 god.), i kontrolnu skupinu koju cine nastavnice bez ijednog simptoma, s jednim ili dva simptoma (N=27, KD: 38,63 god.; nastavnicki staz: 13,96 god.). Za potrebe su istrazivanja snimljeni uzorci govora iproduzene fonacije vokala /a/. Govor se akusticki analiziralo metodom dugotrajnogprosjecnog spektra LTAS (0-5 kHz) na temelju kojeg su izmjereni prosjecni F jakost najjaceg spektralnog vrha LO, omjer a (omjer energije podrucja frekvencija 0-1 i podrucja 1-5 kHz), te varijable ?Ι, ?2, A3 iA4 koje iskazuju omjer spektralnih energija podrucja visih frekvencija, tj. pojaseva 1-2 kHz, 2-3 kHz, 3-4 kHz i 4-5 kHz, i referentnogpodrucja 0-1 kHz. Prosjecni se omjer H/H, racunao iz harmonickog spektra triju uzoraka produzene fonacije vokala /a/. Kvalitetu glasa procjenjivalo je devet procjenjivacica, studentica logopedije koje su prethodno prosle pojacan slusni trening. Na skali GKBASprocjenjivale su stupnjeve promuklosti G, hrapavosti R, sumnosti B, slabosti A i napetosti glasa S. Iz tih su procjena izracunate prosjecne vrijednosti varijabli G, R, B, A i S. Razlike u skupu akustickih varijabli i varijabli kvalitete glasaprovjerene su multivarijatnom i univarijatnim analizama varijance te diskriminativnom analizom. Povezanost je subjektivnih simptoma s akustickim varijablama, odnosno s kvalitetom glasa ispitana kanonickom korelacijskom analizom. Latentna je struktura glasa analizirana faktorskom analizom glavnih komponenti varijabli obaju skupova uz primjenu Guttman-Kaiserova kriterija i varimaks rotacije. Multivarijatnom statistickom analizom utvrdeno je da nema znacajnih razlika u skupu akustickih varijabli izmedu skupina nastavnica. No nastavnice s vokalnim zamorom imaju znacajno nizu vrijednost Fg od kontrolne skupine (176 Hz vs. 194 Hz) koja upucuje na vokalnupatologiju. Varijable kvalitete glasa pak znacajno diskriminiraju skupine nastavnica. Glasovi su nastavnica s vokalnim zamorom lagano disfonicni, a kontrolne skupine uglavnom eufonicni. Promuklost i hrapavost su obiljezja koja najvise razlikuju skupine (eksperimentalna skupina: Gi ,r R]n; kontrolna skupina: Goss, R06S)· Najucestaliji su subjektivni simptomi vokalnoga zamora promuklost, nadrazajni kasalj, neugodan osjecaj u grlu i vratu, dublji glas i suhoca grla. Ovi simptomi i akusticke varijable nisu statisticki znacajno povezani, dok je njihova povezanost s kvalitetom glasa znacajna. Pritom izravna veza postoji izmedu samoprocijenjene promuklosti/hrapavosti i nadrazajnog kaslja s jedne strane i (procijenjene) promuklosti i hrapavosti glasa s druge strane. Eksploratorna faktorska analiza glavnih komponenti iznjedrila je tri faktora koji objasnjavaju 80% ukupne varijance. S obzirom na latentnu strukturu imenovani su (I) vrstom fonacije, (II) eufonicnoscu i (III) vrstom sumnosti. Zakljucuje se da, za razliku od subjektivne procjene instrumentom GRBAS, akusticka analiza tekucega govora metodom LTAS za podrucje frekvencija 0-5 kHz ne moze detektirati vokalni zamor. Slabost akusticke analize u razlikovanju glasova s vokalnim zamorom i onih bez zamora objasnjena je slozenom prirodom vokalnoga zamora koji ukljucuje ne samo vokalne, nego i tjelesne subjektivne simptome. Istrazivanje je pokazalo da je njihov omjer 1:1. Uvjezbano uho pokazalo se superiornim instrumentom u otkrivanju glasova s vokalnim zamorom. Stoga bi subjektivnu procjenu glasa trebalo primijeniti u brzom (terenskom) logopedskom ispitivanjuporemecaja glasa nastavnika radiprevencije i sto ranijeg ukljucenja u rehabilitaciju glasa utvrdi li se potrebnom.
Kljucne rijeci: nastavnici, vokalni zamor, kvaliteta glasa, akusticka analiza, LTAS, subjektivna procjena glasa, skala GRBAS
Abstract: Vocal fatigue is functional weakness of the voice. The aim of the study was to test whether there are differences in acoustic parameters of the voice, and in voice quality, between teachers with vocal fatigue and the controls. The relation of subjective symptoms of vocal fatigue to acoustic variables, and to voice quality, was investigated. Additionally, the underlying latent structure of the voice m 'as identified. Tire study was comprised of50 female teachers. On the basis of the number of subjective complaints related to vocal fatigue provided by a questionnaire teachers were divided into 2 groups: experimental, consisting of those reporting 3 symptoms at least (N=23, mean age: 43,3 yrs; teaching experience: 17,8 vrs), and control group reporting none, one or two symptoms (N=27, mean age: 38,6 yrs; teaching experience: 14 yrs). Teachers ' speaking voices and prolonged phonations of the vowel lal were recorded. A long-time average spectrum LTAS (frequency range 0-5 kHz) calculated for speech samples provided average speaking F the strongest spectral peak LO, a ratio (the ratio of energy in the frequency bands 0-1 and 1-5 kHz), variables Al, A 2, A3 and A4 measuring the level differences between bands of 1-2 kHz, 2-3 kHz, 3-4 kHz and 4-5 kHz to that of 0-1 kHz (reference band), respectively. The average Η/Η, ratio was measured from harmonic spectra of the three vowel lalproduction samples. The voice quality was rated by nine listeners, students of'SLP, who received extensive auditory-perceptual training prior to voice quality rating. Using the GRBAS scale they estimated grades of hoarseness G, roughness R, breathiness B, asthenia A and strain S, thus providing averages over G, R, ?, A and S variables. The differences in set of the acoustic variables and set of the voice quality variables were tested by multivariate and univariate analyses, and the discriminant analysis. The relation of subjective complaints to acoustic variables, and to voice quality, was analysed by canonical correlation analysis. The underlying latent structure of the voice was analysed by means ofprincipal component analysis with Varimax rotation and Kaiser- Guttman s criterion. The statistical analysis showed no significant differences in set of the acoustic variables between the groups of teachers. However, the vocal fatigue group demonstrated significantly lower mean F0 than the control group (176 Hz vs. 194 Hz) indicating vocal pathology. The voice quality variables significantly discriminate groups of teachers. Voices of the teachers with vocal fatigue are mildly dvsphonic, while the voices of the controls are mostly euphonic. The hoarseness and roughness demonstrated the largest differences between the groups (experimental group: Gt ,T Ri ; controls: Gg y Rg 6S). The most common subjective symptoms of vocal fatigue are hoarseness, chronic coughing, discomfort in the throat and neck, deeper voice and diy throat. These symptoms and acoustic variables are not significantly correlated, whereas the correlation with the voice quality is significant. Direct positive relation was found for self-reported hoarseness/roughness and coughing, with perceptual assessment of hoarseness and roughness. The exploratoiy factor analysis extracted three factors explaining 80% of the total variance. According to their structure the factors were labelled (I) type of phonation, (II) euphony and (III) type of breathiness. Research has shown that the acoustic analysis of running speech by means of LTAS calculated for the frequency range 0-5 kHz cannot detect vocal fatigue, but auditoiy-perceptual assessment of voice by means of GRBAS scale can. Failure of acoustic analysis to discriminate vocally fatigued voices from the healthy ones is explained by the complex nature of vocal fatigue containing both vocal andphysical subjective complaints. The study showed that indeed the ratio of vocal and physical symptoms is 1:1. Trained human ear showed to be superior instrument in detection of the fatigued voices as compared to acoustic analysis tools. Therefore, auditoiy-perceptual assessment of voice should be used in logopedic evaluation of teachers 'voice disorders on the field as to enable prevention care and early voice rehabilitation if necessaty.
Key words: teachers, vocal fatigue, voice quality, acoustic analysis, LTAS, auditoiy-perceptual assessment, GRBAS scale
KVALITETA ZIVOTA ISKRB ZA MENTALNO ZDRAVLJE ODRASLIH OSOBA S INTELEKTUALNIM TESKOCAMA
QUALITY OF LIVE AND MENTAL HEALTH CARE OF ADULTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
MILIVOJ KRAMARIC
Sazetak doktorske disertacije
Doctoral Dissertations Abstracts
UDK: 376.1 - 056.340
Dr. sc. Milivoj Kramaric obranio je doktorsku disertaciju 18. stpnja 2012. godine na Edukacij'sko-rehabilitacijskom fakultetu Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Povjerenstvo za obranu cinili su: prof. dr. sc. Jasmina Frey-Skrinjar, redovita profesorica Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, predsjednica, doc. dr. sc. Snjezana Sekusak-Galesev, docentica Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clanica, prof. dr. sc. Liljana Igric, redovita profesorica Edukacijsko- rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clanica, prof. dr. sc. Branko Nikolic, redoviti pro fesor Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clan i prof. dr. sc. Vlasta Rudan, redovita pro fesorica Medicinskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, Klinika za psiholosku medicina KBC Zagreb, vanjska clanica.
Sazetak: Osnovni ciljevi ovog rada su bili utvrditi povezanost objektivnih pokazatelja kvalitete zivota odraslih osoba s intelektualnim teskocama u Zagrebackoj zupaniji i Gradu Zagrebu s pojavom i vrstom psihickih poremecaja i problema ponasanja, te istrazitipostojece oblike skrbi za mentalno zdravlje odraslih osoba s intelektualnim teskocama u Zagrebackoj zupaniji i Gradu Zagrebu sa svrhom uvodenja suvremenogpristupa u tretmanu mentalnog zdravlja.
U tu svrhu su ispitivana objektivna obiljezja kvalitete zivota, psihicki poremecaji i problemi ponasanja, te oblici skrbi za mentalno zdravlje na uzorku od 90 ispitanika smjestenih u obiteljima i 93 ispitanika smjestenih u instituciji u Gradu Zagrebu i Zagrebackoj zupaniji.
Primijenjena su tri mjerna instrumenta: Skala za razvojno psihijatrijsku dijagnostiku (SRPD ; Dosen, 1996), A4MD; Skala adaptivnogponasanja II dio (Igric, Fulgosi-Masnjak, 1991.), Skala procjene objektivnih indikatora kvalitete zivljenja osoba s intelektualnim teskocama (Teodorovic, Bratkovie, Skrinjar, Kraljevic, 1997, Bratkovie, 2002.) te upitnik o opcim podacima izraden za potrebe ovog istrazivanja.
Obrada rezultata izvrsena je metodama faktorske analize, robustne diskriminativne analize i kvazkanonicke korelacijske analize, a izracunata su i mjerna svojstva mjemih instrumenata.
Glavni rezultati istrazivanja su pokazali znacajno bolju kvalitetu zivota kod ispitanika koji zive u obitelji ali i statisticki znacajniju pojavu psihickih poremecaja i problema ponasanja kod odraslih ispitanika s umjerenim i tezim intelektualnim teskocama koji zive u obitelji.
Obzirom na tretman problema mentalnog zdravlja kod odraslih osoba s intelektualnim teskocama pokazalo se da je tradicionalni pristup temeljen na farmakoterapiji jos uvijek dominantan a da je ucestalost psihosocijalnih tretmana zanemariva.
Kljucne rijeci : kvaliteta zivota, mentalno zdravlje, intelektualne teskoee
Abstract: The main objectives of this study were to claim connection to objective indicators of quality of life of adults with intellectual disabilities in the County and City of Zagreb with the appearance and type ofpsychiatric disorders and behavioural problems and explore possible forms of mental health care for adults with intellectual disabilities in the County and City of Zagreb with the aim of introducing modern approach in the treatment of mental health problems.
For this purpose, the objective was to examine the characteristics of quality of life, psychiatric disorders and behavioural problems andpatterns of care for mental health in a sample of 90 participants placed in non-institutional forms of accommodation, and 93 placed in an institution in County and City of Zagreb.
We applied three measurement instruments: Scale for developmental - psychiatric diagnosis in persons with intellectual disability (SRPD; Dosen, 1996), A4MD: adaptive behaviour scale, part II (Igric, Fulgosi Masnjak, 1991.), Scale of assessment of objective indicators of quality of life ofpeople with intellectual disabilities (Teodorovic, Bratkovie, Skrinjar, Prince, 1997, Bratkovie, 2002.) and a questionnaire on general information developed for this research.
The results were processed by methods of factor analysis, discriminant analysis and robust quasicanonic con-elation analysis, are calculated and measuring the properties of measurement instruments.
The main results showed significantly better quality of life in persons living in the family but also a statistically significant incidence of psychiatric disorders and behavioural problems in adult persons with moderate to severe intellectual disabilities who live in the family.
Given the treatment of mental health problems in adults with intellectual disabilities has been shown that the traditional approach based on pharmacotherapy is still dominant and that the incidence of psychosocial treatment is negligible.
Key words: quality of life, mental health, intellectual disabilities
OBILJEZJA GRESAKA U CITANJUIPISANJU U OSOBA S OSTECENJEM MOZGA
DIFFERENCES IN READING AND WRITING ERRORS IN PERSONS WITH BRAIN DEMAGE
ANA LEKO
Sazetak doktorske disertacije
Doctoral Dissertations Abstracts
UDK: 376.1 -056.264
Dr.sc. Ana Leko obranila je doktorsku disertaciju 25. studenog 2011. godine na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskom fakultetu Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Povjerenstvo za obranu cinili su: prof.dr.sc. Maden Hedever, redoviti profesor Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, predsjednik, Prof.dr.sc. Behlul Brestovci, redoviti profesor Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, mentor, prof.dr.sc. Vesna Serie, izvanrednaprofesorica Stomatoloskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, KBC Sestre milosrdnice, clanica, doc.dr.sc. Vili Berns, docent Medicinskogfakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, KBC Sestre milosrdnice, clan, prof.dr.se. Tatjana Prizl Jakovac, izvanredna profesorica Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, mentorica.
Sazetak: U ovom se istrazivanju zeljelo usporediti citanje ipisanje kod tri razlicite skupine ispitanika (osobe s afazijom, osobe s traumatskim ostecenjem mozga, osobe bez narusenih jezicno-govornih i/ili komunikacijskih sposobnosti) s naglaskom na razlike u greskama citanja i pisanja izmedu osoba s afazijom uzrokovanom mozdanim udarom i osoba s traumatskim ostecenjem mozga.
U skladu s ciljevima postavljene su i cetiri osnovne hipoteze: o razlikama na zadatcima citanja i pisanja, o razlika u uspjesnosti na zadatcima citanja i pisanja u osoba s razlicitom vrstom ostecenja mozga, o povezanosti stupnja obrazovanja i postignutih rezultata na zadatcima citanja i pisanja u osoba s traumatskim ostecenjem mozga, te o povezanosti izmedu vrste gresaka i mjesta ostecenja mozga.
Istrazivanje je provedeno na uzorku odpedeset cetiri ispitanika oba spola, u dobi od 18 do 83 godine koji su bili podijeljeni u tri skupine. Ρη·ιι skupinu su cinile osobe s mozdanim udarom ciji je jezicno-govorni poremecaj dij agnosticiran kao afazija, prosjecne dobi od 60 godina. Drugu skupinu su cinile osobe s traumatskim ostecenjem mozga kod kojih su dijagnosticirane kognitivno-komunikacijske teskoee prosjecne dobi od 33 godine. Trecu, ujedno i kontmlnu skupinu cinile su osobe bez narusenih jezicno-govornih i/ili komunikacijskih sposobnosti, prosjecne dobi od 46 godina.
Sposobnosti citanja i pisanja ispitivane su zadatcima koji su za potrebe ovog istrazivanja sastavljeni po uzoru na zadatke iz razlicitih testova koji se koriste za ispitivanje citanja i pisanja u odraslih osoba nakon ostecenja mozga. Citanje je ispitano pomocu zadataka Citanje slova, Citanje rijeci ipseudo rijeci, Citanje recenica naglas s razumijevanjem, Povezivanje rijeci i slike, Pismeno prepricavanje. Kod pisanja su procjenjivani: Automatizmi; Pisanje slova, rijeci, pseudo rijeci i recenica po diktatu; Pismeno imenovanje predmeta; Prepisivanje slova, rijeci, pseudo rijeci i recenica; Opisivanje slike (slobodno pisanje).
Podatci su obradeni univarijantnim (osnovna statistika, analiza varijance) i multivarijantnim (diskriminativna analiza) metodama obrade podataka. Statisticki znacajne razlike pokazale su se na svim zadatcima citanja i na vecini zadataka pisanja.
Kljucne rijeci: citanje, pisanje, traumatsko ostecenje mozga, mozdani udar, afazija
Abstract: In this research we wanted to compare reading and writing in three different group of examinees (persons with aphasia, persons with traumatic brain injuries and persons without any speech and language impairments, as well as without communication impairments. We tried to emphasize differences in reading and writing errors between persons with aphasia and persons with traumatic brain injuries.
According to the purpose of this research, the four hypothesis have been established: differences in reading and writing tasks; differences in success in reading and writing tasks in persons with different brain damage; relation between education level and achieved results in reading and writing tasks in persons with traumatic brain injuries; about relation between error type and locus of brain damage.
The research was carried out on 54 examinees of both gender, aged between 18 and 83 years who were divided into three groups. First group was made ofpersons with aphasia caused by stroke, average age of 60 years old. Participants of second group were persons with traumatic brain injuries who had cognitive-communication impairments, average age of 33 years old. Control group was the third group with persons without any speech and language impairments, as well as without communication impairments, average age of 46 years old.
Reading and writing abilities were tested with tasks created for needs of this research according to the relevant tests for the assessment of reading and writing in adults after brain damage. Reading of letters, Reading of words and pseudo words, Reading ofsentences with understanding, Word-picture match and Written retelling were used for reading assessments. Writing was assessed through Mechanics of writing, Dictation of letters, words, pseudo words and sentences, Written picture naming, Transcription of letters, words, pseudo words and sentences and Nairative writing.
Datas were statistically analyzed by univariant (basic statistic, analysis of variance) and multivariant (discriminate analysis) methods. Statistically significant differences have been shown on all reading tasks and on the most of writing tasks as well.
Key words: reading, writing, traumatic brain injmy, stroke, aphasia
SELEKTIVNE PERCEPTIVNO - MOTORICKE, GLAZBENO - RITMICKE STIMULACIJE IGRAFOMOTORNA AKTIVNOST DJETETA S CEREBRALNOM PARALIZOM
SELECTIVE PERCEPTUAL - MOTOR, MUSICAL RHYTHMIC STIMULATION AND GRAPHOMOTOR ACTIVITY OF THE CHILD WITH CEREBRAL PALSY
TOMISLAV LJUTIC
Sazetak doktorske disertacije
Doctoral Dissertations Abstracts
UDK: 376.1 -056.266 : 615.86
Dr. sc. Tomislav Ljiriic obrcmio je doktorsku disetiaciju 20. prosinca 2012. godine na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskomfakultelu Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Povjerenstvo za obranu cinili su: prof. dr. sc. Simeon Grazio, izvanredni profesor Medicinskogfakultet a Sveucilista u Zagrebu, predsjednik i vanjski clan, prof. dr. sc. Miroslav Prstacic, redoviti profesor Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakultet a Sveucilista uZagrebu, clan, mentor, pmf. dr. sc. Branko Nikolic, redoviti profesor Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clan
Sazetak: U okviru holisticke sinteze suvremenih doktrina u ranoj razvojnoj rehabilitaciji, rehabilitacijskoj medicini, sofrologiji i rehabilitacijskim znanostima u sirem smislu, prikazana je inovativna metoda analiticko - sinestezijske stimulacije (protokoli za terapijiι i evaluaciju) u cilju futrkciotraltre psihomotome reedukacije djeteta s cerebralnom paralizom u cetiri studije slucaja. Definirana je polazna hipoteza prema kojoj selektivne perceptivno-motoricke i glazbeno-ritmicke stimulacije utjecu na razvoj neuroloskih lancanih reakcija (neurological chain reactions) u sljedecim podrucjima: a) razvoj samoinduciranogpokreta; b) aktivnost voljnog kretanja i c) dozivljaj estetskog uzitka u subjekta. Analiza tendencijapromjena uprostomo-vremenskoj orijentaciji, uskladivanju posture i pokreta, te voljnoj grafomotomoj aktivnosti (u okviru kontrolne i eksperimentalne procedure istrazivanja), provedeno je na osnovi 36 kontmliranih varijabli, te kompleksne informaticko - statisticke analize (INDIFF). U svrhu procjene koristeni su mjerni instrumenti Gibsonov spiralni labirint, Beeiy test vizuomotome integracije i Analiticko sinestezijska matrica za vodenje pokreta. Istrazivanje je provedeno kroz 11-17 tocaka procjene. Rezultati pokazuju znacajne promjene kod svih ispitanika na varijablama vizuomotome integracije Beeiy testa te varijablama grafomotome reprodukcije kruga i kvadrata nakon primjene terapijskog programa, te je konstatirana vrijednost koncipiranog klinickog modela analiticko-sinestezijske metode uz primjenu selektivnih perceptivno - motorickih i glazbeno - ritmickih stimulacija u grafomotomoj aktivnosti djeteta s cerebralnom paralizom.
Kljucne rijeci: cerebralna paraliza, vizuomotoma integracija, analiticko - sinestezijska matrica za vodenje pokreta, glazbeno - ritmicka stimulacija
Abstract: Within the holistic synthesis of modem doctrine in the early developmental rehabilitation,rehabilitation medicine, rehabilitation sciences and sophrology in a broader sense, an innovative method (protocols for treatment and evaluation) of analytical- svnesthesia stimulation with the aim of functional psychomotor reeducation of children with cerebral palsy is shown through four case studies. Initial hypothesis is defined according to which selective perceptual - motor and musical rhythmic stimulations affects the development of neurological chain reaction in the following areas: a) development of self induced motion; b) activity of vohmtaty movement and c) experience of aesthetic pleasure in the subject. The analysis of the tendency of changes in the spatial-temporal orientation, in the synchronization of the posture and movement, and in the vohmtaty graphomotor activity (within the control and experimental research procedures), is conducted on the basis of 36 controlled variables, and complex informatics - statistical analysis (INDIFF). In order to make an assesment following measurments are used Gibson spiral labyrinth, Analytical - synesthetic matrix for guiding movement and Tire Beety-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration. Tire reasarch has been obtained in 11-17 assesment points. Tire results show significant changes in all subjects on variables ofvisual-motor integration ofthe Beny Developmental Test as well as on variables of graphic-motor reproduction of circle and square after the application of the therapeutic program. It was also determined the value of the conceptualized clinical model of the analytical - synesthetic method that m 'as developed with the application of selective perceptual-motor and musical rhythmic stimulations in graphic-motor activity of a child with cerebral palsy.
Key words: cerebral palsy, visual - motor integration, analytical - sytresthetic matrix for guiding movement, musical rhythmic stimulation
POKAZATELJIPSIHICKIH POREMECAJA I PROBLEMA PONASANJA KOD UCENIKA S POREMECAJIMA IZ AUTISTICNOG SPEKTRA I UCENIKA S VECIM INTELEKTUALNIM TESKOCAMA
INDICATORS OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS AND BEHAVIOR DISTURBANCES IN PUPILS WITH AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDERS AND PUPILS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY
DRAGANAMAMIC
Sazetak doktorske disertacije
Doctoral Dissertations Abstracts
UDK: 376.1 -056.340
Dr.sc. Dragana Mamie obranila je doktorsku disetiaciju 16. stpnja 2012. godine na Edukacijsko-rehabili1acijskomfakulletu Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Povjerenstvo za o bran u cinili su: prof.dr.se. Jasmina Frey Skrinjar, redovita profesorica Edukacijsko- rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, predsjednica, pro fdr.se. Rea Fulgosi Masnjak, redovita profesorica Edukacijsko- rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, mentorica, prof.dr.se. Vlasta Rudan, redovita profesorica Medicinskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clanica.
Sazetak: Osobe s poremecajima iz autisticnog spektra i osobe s intelektualnim teskocama cesce pokazuju problème u ponasanju i imajupsihicke poremecaje negoli njihovi vrsnjaci tipicnog razvoja. Znakovipsihickih poremecaja u ovih osoba mogu biti razliciti u odnosu na one kod osoba tipicnog razvoja, a javljaju se i teskoee u njihovom dijagnosticiranju. Nepostojanje adekvatnog modela procjene mentalnog zdravlja djece i mladih s tim poremecajima koji bipredstavljao temelj kvalitetnom timskom radu na prevenciji vecih psihickih poremecaja predstavlja ozbiljan problem.
Cilj ovog istrazivanja bio je utvrditi pokazatelje psihickih poremecaja i problema ponasanja kao moguce indikatore mentalnog zdravlja kod 98 ucenika s poremecajima iz autisticnog spektra i ucenika s intelektualnim teskocama bez poremecaja iz autisticnog spektra osnovnoskolske dobi od 7. do 21. godine, oba spola, polaznika posebnih programa odgoja, obrazovanja i rehabilitacije, Centra za autizam-Zagreb.
Razina adaptivnog ponasanja procijenjena je Vineland-II skalom, (Sparow, Baila, i Cicchetti, 2005), razina emocionalne zrelosti, Shetnom emocionalnog razvoja (Dosen, 2005). Problemi u ponasanju, psihicki poremecaji i njihova struktura procijenjeni su Skalom za razvojnu psihijatrijsku dijagnostiku za osobe s mentalnom retardaeijom, (Dosen, 1997., 2002), i Reiss-ovom skalom za djecu s dualnom dijagnozom (mentalna retardacija i psihopatologija), Reiss, Valenti-Hein (1990). Analiza rezultata i analiza razlika medupoduzorcima ucenika izvrsena je statistickim metodama koje su ukljucivale multivarijatne modele za analizupodataka.
Na osnovi rezultata mozemo zakljuciti da su znacajne razlike medu poduzorcima utvrdene u prostoru svih odabranih indikatora mentalnog zdravlja. Ucenici s poremecajima iz autisticnog spektra imaju nize razine adaptivnog ponasanja, k tome imaju i vise neprilagodenih ponasanja za razliku od ucenika s intelektualnim teskocama. Isto tako ti ucenici imaju i znatno nize razine emocionalnog razvoja, kod njih su vise izrazeni problemi u ponasanju kao i psihicki poremecaji te njihova struktura.
Ovo je istrazivanje pokazalo da su uzroci narusenog mentalnog zdravlja bioloski i razvojni cimbenici, drugaciji socijalno- emocionalni meduodnosi, te naruseni interaktivni odnosi u okolini, koji zahtijevaju pazljivu analizu te kontinuirano pracenje i proucavanje.
Kljucne rijeci: djeca i mladi s poremecajima iz autisticnog spektra, djeca i mladi s intelektualnim teskocama, pokazatelji psihickih poremecaja i problema ponasanja, progeria mentalnog zdravlja.
Abstract: Persons with autism spectrum disorders and those with intellectual dissabilities exhibit behavioral problems and mental disorders more frequently than their tipically developing peers. The symptoms of mental disorders are different and more difficult for diagnosing than those of their tipically developping peers. There is a lack of adequate model of mental health assessment for children and adolescents with these dissabilities.
The aim of the research was to determine parameters of mental disorders and behavior problems as possible indicators of mental health on the sample of 98 students of both sexes, with autism and intellectual disabilities attending special education and rehabilitation programs in Center for Autism, Zagreb. They were aged 7-21. Developmental level of adaptive behavior was assessed with Mneland-II Scale (Sparow, Balla&Cicchetti, 2005), emotional maturity level with Scheme of emotional Development (Dosen, 2005); problem behavior, mental disorders and their structure were assessed with Developmental Scale for Psyhiatric Diagnosis in Persons with Mental Retardation (Dosen, 2002) andReiss Scales for Children 's Dual Diagnosis (Mental retardation and Psychopathology), Reiss, Valenti-Hein, (1990).
Data analysis and analysis of statistical différencies between two sub-samples were performed by statistical methods including multivariate data analysis models, regression model, factorial model and model of statistical discrimination.
Significant différencies were founf between two subsamples in space of selected mental health indicators. Students with autistic spectrum disorders exibited lower adaptive behavior levels and more maladaptive behaviors than students with intelectual dissability. Those students also had considerably lower emotional development levels, while their behavior problems, mental disorders and their structure were more expressed.
This investigation showed that the causes for mental health disturbances are not only biological and developmental, but are different social-emotinal relationships and disturbed interactive environmental relations as well, which require careful analysis, continuous monitoring and studying.
KOMPLEMENTARNA KREATIVNAI ART TERAPIJA, TE PSIHODINAMIKA DIJETE - RODITELJ U KONCEPTU SOFROLOGIJEIPSIHOSOCIJALNE ONKOLOGIJE
COMPLEMENTARY CREATIVE AND ART THERAPY AND CHILD-PARENT PSYCHODYNAMICS IN THE CONCEPT OF SOPHROLOGY AND PSYCHOSOCIAL ONCOLOGY
DAMIR MIHOLIC
Sazetak doktorske disertacije
Doctoral Dissertations Abstracts
UDK: 615.8
Dr.sc. Damir Miholic obrcmio je doktorsku disetiaciju 19. prosinca 2012. godine na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskomfakultetu Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Povjerenstvo za obranu cinili su: doc.dr.sc. JasJasminka Stepan - Giljevic, znanstvena suradnica Medicinskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, predsjednica, prof.dr.sc. Miroslav Prstacic, redoviti profesor Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, mentor, prof, dr.sc. Branko Nikolic, redoviti profesor Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clan.
Sazetak: Kao osnovni cilj istrazivanja predvidena je analiza psihodinamike promjena u a) dozivljaju djeteta i b) u odnosu dijete-roditelj, tijekom komplementame primjene potpome kreativne i art/ekspresivne terapije u pedijatrijskoj onkologiji, posebice u povezanosti sa suvremenim konceptima psihosocijalne onkologije, sofrologije, edukacije i rehabilitacijskih znanosti. U skladu s ciljetn istrazivanja, definirana je polaznu hipoteza istrazivanja prema kojoj se komplementarna primjena kreativne i art/ekspresivne terapije (strukturirana primjena dinamicke relaksacije/terapijsko disanje i sofronizacija; individualnog i grupnog likovnog izrazavanja; glazbenih i slikovnih motiva u vodenoj imaginaciji i elemenata dramske terapije), u konceptu sofrologije, psihosocijalne onkologije i ati/ekspresivnih terapija, (koncipirana ovisno o dijagnozi, klinickoj slici, programu lijecenja i individualnim potrebama djeteta), manifestera u psihodinamicipromjena u problemskim podrucjima: a) dozivljaj djeteta i b) odnos dijete-roditelj.
Prvi dio istrazivanja proveden je na uzorku od 13 roditelja djece s malignim oboljenjem u cilju ispitivanja osnovnih parametara egzistencijalne anksioznosti u skupini roditelja, odnosno povezanost karakteristika osobnosti roditelja, mjerenih Upitnikom licnosti SLC-90, i njihovim nacinima suoeavanja s djetetovom bolescu, mjerenih Upitnikom o suoeavanju za roditelje (CHIP). Na osnovi kvazikanonicke analize podataka, dobiveni su rezultati koji potvrduju da postoji statisticki znacajna povezanost izmedu nekih dimenzija suoeavanja (Obiteljska integriranost, suradnja i optimizam) i nekih dimenzija licnosti (opsesivno- kompulzivne reakcije, anksioznost i fobicka anksioznost).
Drugim dijelom istrazivanja obuhvacene su cetiri studije slucaja parova dijete-roditelj i kroz sustav kontroliranih varijabli evaluirane su /componente promjena i korelacije izmedu varijabli. Rezultati kvantitativne analize (metodom INDIFF) i kvalitativne analize induciranih varijabli i crteza pokazali su promjene na kontroliranim varijablama i pozitivne ucinke primijenjenih terapijskih postupaka.
Kljucne rijeci: psihosocijalna onkologija, sofrologija, art/ekspresivne terapije, mehanizmi suoeavanja
Summary: The main aim of research includes the analysis of the psychodynamics of the changes in: a) the experience of the child and b) in the parent-child relationship, during the complementary application and supporting creative art/expressive therapy in pediatric oncology, especially in connection with the modern concepts of psychosocial oncology, sophrology, education and rehabilitation sciences. According to aim of the research, starting hypothesis is defined according to which: - application of complementary and creative art/expressive therapy (structured application of dynamic relaxation/breathing and sophrotherapy, individual and group artistic expression, music and image motifs in a guided imagination and elements of drama therapy), in the concept of sophrology, psychosocial oncology and art/expressive therapy (designed depending on the diagnosis, clinical features, treatment program and the individual needs of the child), will be manifested in the psychodynamics of changes in problem areas: a) the experience of the child and b) the parent-child relationship.
The first part of the study M'as conducted on a sample of 13 parents of children with malignant disease in order to study the basic parameters of existential anxiety in a group of parents, and the interconnection of personality characteristics, measured by personality questionnaire SLC-90, and their ways of coping with the child's illness, measured by questionnaire on coping for Parents (CHIP). On the basis of quasicanonical data analysis, results confirm that there is a statistically significant relationship between some dimensions of coping (family integration, cooperation and optimism) and certain personality traits (obsessive- compulsive reactions, anxiety and phobic anxiety).
The second part of the research includes four case studies ofparent-child pairs, and through a system of controlled variables were evaluated component of changes and correlations between variables. Tlie results of the quantitative analysis (INDIF method) and qualitative analysis of induced variables and drawings, showed changes in the controlled variables and the positive e ffects of the applied treatment procedures.
Key words: psychosocial oncology, sophrology, art/expressive therapy, coping
VRSTE GLAGOLA U HRVATSKOM ZNAKOVNOM JEZIKU - SINTAKTICKEISEMANTICKE ZNACAJKE
VERB CLASSES IN HZJ - SYNTACTIC AND SEMANTIC PROPERTIES
MARINA MILKOVIC
Sazetak doktorske disertacije
Doctoral Dissertations Abstracts
UDK: 376.1-056.263
Dr.sc. Marina Milkovic obranila je doktorsku disetiaciju 10. lipnja 2011. godine na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskom fakultetu Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Povjerenstvo za obranu cinili su: doc.dr.sc. Boban Arsenijevic, docent na Filozofskom fakultetu Sveucilista u Nisu, predsjednik, prof.dr.sc. Ronnie B. Wilbur, redovita profesorica na Purdue University, USA, vanjska clanica, mentorica, prof, dr.sc. Ljubica Pribanic, izvanredna profesorica Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clanica, mentorica, prof, dr.sc. Sandra Bradaric Joncic, redovita profesorica Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clanica i doc.dr.sc. Luka Bonetti, docent Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clan.
Abstract: The aim of this thesis was to present an analysis of syntactic and semantic properties of the verbal system in FIZJ with respect to aspect. FIZJ verbal system has been unexplored up to this time, and there is no analysis of a sign language used in a Slavic-speaking community with respect to the verb system and aspect. The central questions that this study wanted to answer were: Flow does FIZJ express aspect?; What language devices are used to produce FIZJ verbs relevant to aspect categories similar to Croatian perfective and imperfectives verbs?; Flow can semantic verb classes in the Croatian verbal system be translated/ compared to HZJ?; and What processes/devices does HZJ use to produce the same meaning?
For the purpose of this research, two experiments were designed, each containing two tasks. Thefirst task, targets in isolations, consisted of distinguishing members of aspect verb pairs. The second task, targets in context, consisted of using the appropriate verb aspect form in given context. The third and fourth tasks consisted of comic clips andpictures descriptions. Data were collected from 9 native Deaf signing participants, all fluent in HZJ. The signers 'productions were recorded using digital video camera, and transcribed in ELAN program designed for the analysis. Hie data were analyzed by descriptive linguistic analysis.
Since grammatical aspect in Croatian exists as a binaty morphological categoty of verbs, with a veiy diversified and constructed system of morphology, HZJ offers adequate resources to express the same meanings of the action denoted by the verb. Thus, aspect categories in Croatian, that is, perfective and imperfective, systematically find their reflections in HZJ.
Meaning is reflected in the form of the verb signs. However, rather than just an iconic form-meaning'mapping, the aspectual distinctions are regularly related by alternations in phonological form or by phrasal composition. There are also pairs with unrelated (suppletive) verbs. With respect to phonological form and aspectual meaning, verbs in HZJ can be classified into two main groups. One group are verbs that have perfective root movement, while the other group are verbs with imperfective root movement. Verbs with perfective root movement are characterized as made with change of handshape, orientation, location, or setting, such that the final configuration is the opposite of the initial configuration. Verbs with imperfective root movement have multi movements characterized in Brentari'sphonological system (1998) as [trilled movement (TM)], that is, uncountably, rapidly repeated movements.
HZJ verbs can be classified into three categories according to how the perfective-imperfective distinctions are realized. The first group is verbs of modification; in order to derive their aspectual counterpart it is necessaty to modifi' the root movement. Tlie second group is verbs of composition. These are imperfective verbs that require an added free morpheme to compose the perfective verb. The third group, verbs with different stems, use another verb to convey aspectual meaning in a given context. These are two unrelated different verbs, one of which is perfective and the other is imperfective.
The lexical aspect in HZJ M'as analyzed following Pustejovsky's (1991, 1995) simplified event structure model, where Static states (S) and dynamic processes (P) are two basic types of sub-events in simple events. Atelic events (those without target end- points) are composed of either P or S. Telic events, those with target end-points, also called Achievements and Accomplishments, are referred to as Transitions. Transitions are composed of a transition between two non-identical sub-events.
Achievements, as change of state, are composed of the transition between two opposite S elements, of which the first is the initial state, and the second is the final state; this change is visible in the phonological form of the sign, such that the final configuration is the opposite of the initial configuration. In HZJ achievements are made with change ofhandshape, orientation, or setting change. The change expresses the change of state. A dynamic Ρ element transitioning to a final S composes an Accomplishment. There is a path movement associated with the Process sub-event. In HZJ the accomplishments are realized in two possible ways. One is so-called verbs of composition, which are composed of an activity verb and a resultant or target outcome, and another is path movement made with a sharp ending. Both express the final state of the process.
Atelic events do not have any phonological marking that could be interpreted as the end-point of the event. States in HZJ are expressed mostly by activity verbs, with the movement feature [repeat], or a single sign movement that ends with the feature [hold]. The repetition describes situations that do not change over time. They are extended in time, meaning durative, and do not have a 'natural' endpoint. The movement patterns observed in States relate to verbs ofpostures and locations, verbs of existence/ possession, verbs of mental process and psychological states. Although these types of verbs have different movement features, characteristic for the verbs of activity, they are all Stative in aspectual meaning. Activities involve the feature [TM] 'trilled movement', short repeated movements, as well as [tracing], which is path movement that does not involve contact with body part or re ference plane, nor any other phonological marking. When the process or activity stops, the movement ceases gradually to a stop rather than rapid deceleration as for end-marking.
Observed phenomenon, besides adding to general knowledge of the HZJ verbal system, can be applied to both teaching HZJ as a foreign language and for helping children learning Croatian as a second language (L2) in Deaf education.
Key words: Croatian Sign Language (HZJ), aspect, aktionsart, perfective, imperfective, telic, atelic
UTJECAJ BIOPSIHOSOCIJALNIH CIMBENIKA NA RANU INTERAKCIJU MAJKE I DJETETA
INFLUENCE OF BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS ON EARLY MOTHER-CHILD INTERACTION
RENATA PINJATELA
Sazetak doktorske disertacije
Doctoral Dissertations Abstracts
UDK: 159.9
Dr.sc. Renata Púyatela obranila je doktorsku disetiaciju 11. veljace 2011. godine na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskomfakuIle1u Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Povjerenstvo za obranu cinili su: prof, dt: sc. Branko Nikolic, redoviti profesor Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, predsjednik, pro f dt: sc. Ines Jokovic Oreb, izvanredna pro fesorica Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, mentorica i prof.dr.se. Julije Mestrovic, redoviti profesor Medicinskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Splitu, clan.
Sazetak: Postoji mnogo rizienih cimbenika iz bioloskog ilipsihosocijalnog konteksta koji mogu nepovoljno utjecati na razvojni ishod. Brojna istrazivanja su pokazala da dobra interakcija roditelja i djeteta moze smanjiti utjecaj bioloskih i psihosocijalnih cimbenika na razvoj djeteta. Kroz interakciju s roditeljima dijete upoznaje svijet oko sebe i oko veza izmedu djeteta i roditelja nije postavljena na zdravim temeljima, razvoj djeteta je ugrozen, bez obzira koji su razlozi za losu interakciju (djetetovo zdravstveno stanje, psihopatologija roditelja, roditeljski stres, okolinski cimbenici i si.). Optimalna interakcija izmedu roditelja i djeteta moze biti osobiti izazov u obiteljima kod kojih postoje visestruki cimbenici rizika.
Cilj ovoga istrazivanja bio je utvrditi biopsihosocijalne cimbenike kod majke i djeteta koji imaju utjecaj na roditeljski stres, zadovoljstvo brakom, razinu psihopatoloskih simptoma majke, razinu percipiranog stresa te majcinu procjenu djetetove samoregulacije. Cimbenici koji su proucavani su majcina dob pri porodu, teskoee tijekom trudnoce iliporoda, zaposlenje majke, godine obrazovanja majke, nacin prehrane djeteta, nacin poroda, postojanje neurorazvojnih rizika kod djeteta, postojanje dijagnoze poteskoea u razvoju kod djeteta, porodajna masa djeteta ispod 2500 grama, gestacijska dob djeteta ispod 37 tjedana, spol djeteta i dob djeteta.
Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da postojanje razlicitih cimbenika rizika ima razliciti utjecaj na promatrana podrucja. Najveci utjecaj na promatrana podrucja imali su: postojanje neurorazvojnih cimbenika rizika kod djeteta, postojanje dijagnoze djeteta i niska porodajna masa djeteta. Usoki roditeljski stres i losa progeria samoregulacije djeteta pokazali su se kao moguci prediktori lose interakcije majke i djeteta, osobito djeteta s neurorazvojnim rizicima i/ili poteskoeama u razvoju.
Ovim istrazivanjem dobivene su spoznaje o utjecaju promatranih biopsihosocijalnih cimbenika na interakciju majke i djeteta, kao i na majcinu percepciju sebe, svoga djeteta i obitelji. Utvrdeni su neki od cimbenika koji mogu pridonijeti kvaliteti rane intervencije i kvalitete zivota djece i obitelji kod kojih su prisutni cimbenici rizika.
Primjenapredlozenih instnimenataprocjene, nacin evaluacije i analiza suvremenihpristupa u istrazivanjima u svijetu omogueiti ce razvijanje novih multidimenzionalnih metoda u analizi bioloskih, psiholoskih i socijalnih utjecaja na rami interakciju majke i djeteta i primjenu u programma rane razvojne intervencije u edukacijskoj rehabilitaciji.
Kljucne rijeci: rana interakcija majka-dijete, biopsihosocijalni cimbenici, kvaliteta zivota
Abstract: There are many risk factors from the biological or psychosocial context that may adversely affect developmental outcomes. Numerous studies have shown that good interaction between parent and child can reduce the impact of biological and psychosocial factors on child development. Through interaction with parents, the child is getting acquainted with the world around you, and if the connection between child and parent is not set on solid foundations, child's development is threatened, regardless what the reasons for the poor interaction are (child's health, parental psychopathology, parental stress, environmental factors, etc.). Optimal interaction between parent and child can be particularly challenged in families where there are multiple risk factors.
The aim of this study was to identify biopsychosocial factors of the mother and child that have an influence on parental stress, marriage satisfaction, the level of psychopathological symptoms, mothers, levels of perceived stress and maternal assessment of child 's self-regulation. Factors that were studied were maternal age at birth, problems during pregnancy or childbirth, maternal employment, years of education of mother, child nutrition, mode of delivery, the presence of neurodevelopmental risks in children, diagnosis of the existence of difficulties in the development of the child, child's birth weight below 2500 grams, gestational age below 37 weeks, gender of the child and the child's age. Hie results show that the existence of different risk factors has a different impact on the area. The largest impact on the area had: the existence of neurodevelopmental risk factors in a child, the existence diagnosis of the child and low birth weight. High parental stress and poor self regulation assessment of the child appeared to be possible predictors of poor interaction between mother and child, especially recognised at children with neurodevelopmental risks and / or developmental disabilities.
This survey yielded insights about the impact of biopsychosocial factors on the observed interaction of mother and child, as well as on the mother's perception of themselves, their children and families. Some of the factors that may contribute to the quality of early intervention and quality of life for children and families where risk factors are present were identified. Application of the proposed instruments for assessment, evaluation method and analysis of contemporary approaches to research in the world will enable the development of new methods for multidimensional analysis of biological, psychological and social impact on the early interaction between mother and child and its application in early developmental intervention programs in educational rehabilitation.
Key words: early mother-child interaction, biopsychosocial factors, quality of life
JEZICNEIVIZUOSPACIJALNE SPOSOBNOSTI DJECE S DOWNOVIM SINDROMOMIWILLIAMSOVIM SINDROMOM
LANGUAGE AND VISUOSPATIAL ABILITIES OF CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME AND WITH WILLIAMS SYNDROME
VISNJA PRANJIC
Sazetak doktorske disertacije
Doctoral Dissertations Abstracts
UDK: 376.1 -056.340
376.1 -056.264
Dr. sc. Visnja Pranjic obranila je doktorsku disertaciju 15. lipnja 2012. godine na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskom fakultetu Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Povjerenstvo za obranu cinili su: prof. dr. sc. Rea Fulgosi Masnjak, redovita profesorica Edukacijsko- rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, predsjednica, prof. dr. sc. Diana Arapovic, redovita profesorica Edukacijsko- rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, mentorica, prof. dr. sc. Dunja Pavlicevic-Franic, redovita profesorica Uciteljskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, vanjska clanica.
Sazetak: Disertacija pod naslovom "Jezicne i vizuospacijalne sposobnosti djece s Downovim sindromom i Williamsovim sindromom " objedinjuje suvremene spoznaje o navedenim vjestinama. Downov sindrom je najcesca kromosomopatija u ljudi spojiva sa zivotom s incidencijom 1:600. Williamsov sindrom, za razliku od Downovog sindroma, je rijedak neurorazvojni poremecaj s incidencijom 1:20000 - 1:25000. Oba sindroma karakterizirana su psihickim, medicinskim i razvojnim slabostima, a zbog podjednakih kognitivnih sposobnosti ceste su medusobne usporedbe. Slozeni meduodnosi kognitivnih, bioloskih i okolinskih utjecaja na razvoj jezicnih i vizuospacijalnih vjestina obrazlozeni su u disrtaciji.
Ispitane su tri grupe ispitanika od kojih su dvije unaprijed izdvojene kao rizicne. Uzorak ispitanika s Downovim sindromom cini 40 ispitanika u dobi od8;0 do 20;01 godina, 22 djecaka i 18 djevojcica. Prosjecna dob ispitanika iznosi 13;07godina. Receptivna dob ispitanika krece se u rasponu od 2;07 do 8; 11 godina, aprosjecno iznosi 4;05 godina. Skupina ispitanika s Williamsovim sindromom obuhvaca 5 ispitanika, dvije djevojcice i tri djecaka u dobi izmedu 3;08 i 15;00 godina. Prosjecna dob ispitanika iznosi 9; 04 godina. Receptivna dob cetiri ispitanika se krece izmedu 2; 09 i 9; 02 godine i prosjecno iznosi 5; 02 godine. Receptivnu dob jednog ispitanika nije bilo moguce utvrditi jer je ona ispod 2;07 godina. Kontrolnu skupinu cini 40 ispitanika, djeca urednog jezicnog razvoja, 24 djecaka i 16 djevojcica kronoloske dobi izmedu 2;06 i 8; 11 godina, prosjecne kronoloske dobi 4;04 godina. Kontrolna skupina ispitanika izjednacena je prema receptivnoj dobi sa skupinom ispitanika s Downovim sindromom. Primijenjeno je niz testova i zadataka sa ciljem ispitivanja fonoloskih, morfoloskih, semantickih, ekspresivnih i vizuospacijalnih sposobnosti.
Dobiveni podatci obradeni su multivarijatnim metodama, a temeljem dobivenih rezultata utvrdene su osobitosti svakog uzorka ispitanika kao i koliki je doprinos tih osobitosti razlikovanju uzoraka. Rezultati istrazivanja ukazuju na odstupanja jezicnih i vizuospacijalnih sposobnosti ispitanika s Downovim sindromom i Williamsovim sindromom u odnosu na ispitanike urednog jezicnog razvoja. Osim kvantitativnih razlika medu ispitanicima prikazane su i kvalitativne razlike. Izmedu ispitanika s Downovim sindromom i djece urednog jezicnog razvoja ustanovljene su znacajne razlike jezicnih i vizuospacijalnih sposobnosti, dok su te razlike djelomicno dokazane izmedu ispitanika s Williamsovim sindromom i ispitanika urednog jezicnog razvoja kao i izmedu ispitanika s Downovim sindromom i ispitanika s Williamsovim sindromom. Ovaj rad daje znacajan doprinos logopedskoj praksi jer su rezultati dobiveni ovim istrazivanjem osnovno polaziste za daljnje usporedbe jezicnih sposobnosti osoba sa Downovim sindromom i Williamsovim sindromom u hrvatskome jeziku.
Kljucne rijeci: Downov sindrom, Williamsov sindrom, fonoloske sposobnosti, morfoloske sposobnosti, semanticke sposobnosti, ekspresivne sposobnosti, vizuospacijalne sposobnosti
Abstract: Dissertation called "Language and visuospatial abilities of children with Down syndrome and with Williams syndrome " combines modern knowledge about mentioned skills. Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal disorder among people that has incidence of1:600. Williams syndrome, unlike Down syndrome, is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder with incidence of 1:20000 - 1:25000. Both syndromes are characteristic of mental, medical and developmental difficulties, and they are often compared because of the equal cognitive abilities. Complex influence of cognitive, biological and environmental factors on development of language, visuospatial abilities is explained in the dissertation.
Three groups of examinees were tested, two of which had been separated as critical in advance. Group with Down syndrome is made of 40 examinees aged from 8;0 to 20;01 years, 22 boys and 18 girls with average age of 13;07 years. Receptive age of examinees is between 2;07 and 8; 11 years with average of 4:05 years. Group with Williams syndrome is made of 5 examinees, 2 girls and 3 boys aged from 3; 08 to 15;00 years with average of 9; 04 years. Receptive age of 4 examinees is between 2; 09 and 9; 02 years with average of 5;02 years. Receptive age of one examinee was not possible to determine because it was below 2;07 years. Control group is made of 40 examinees, children with normal language development, 24 boys and 16 girls aged from 2;06 to 8; 11 years with average of 4; 04 years. Control group has the same receptive age as the group with Down syndrome. Various of tests and tasks were applied in order to measure phonological, morphological, semantic, expressive and visuospatial abilities.
Gained test ratings were processed by multivariate methods. The characteristics of every group and the influence of those characteristics on diversity of groups were defined on the basis of gained results. The results of research show that groups with Down syndrome and Williams syndrome have different language and visuospatial abilities from the group with normal language development. Except quantitative differences among groups, qualitative differences are shown too. Significant differences in language and visuospatial abilities were identified between the examinees with Down syndrome and the examinees with normal language development, while that difference were only partly identified between the examinees with Williams syndrome and the examinees with normal language development, as well as between the examinees with Down syndrome and the examinees with Williams syndrome. This dissertation gives significant contribution to logopedic practice as the results of this research are the main starting point for the further comparisons of language abilities ofpeople with Down syndrome and those with Williams syndrome in Croatian language.
Key words: Down syndrome, Williams syndrome, phonological abilities, morphological abilities, semantic abilities, expressive abilities, visuospatial abilities
KVALITETA USLUGE STANOVANJA UZ PODRSKU ZA ODRASLE OSOBE S INTELEKTUALNIM TESKOCAMA
THE QUALITY OF SUPPORTED HOUSING SERVICES FOR PEOPLE WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILTIES
BOJANA ROZMAN
Sazetak doktorske disertacije
Doctoral Dissertations Abstracts
UDK: 376.1 -056.340
Dr. sc. Boj ana Rozman obranila je doktorsku disetiaciju 20. rujna 2011. godine na Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskom fakultetu Sveucilista u Zagrebu. Povjerenstvo za obranu cinili su: prof.dr.sc. Daniela Bratkovie, Sveuciliste u Zagrebu, izvanredna profesorica Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, predsjednica, pro f dt: sc. Jasmina Frey Skrinjar, redovita pro fesorica Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, mentorica, prof.dr.se. Branko Nikolic, redoviti profesor Edukacijsko- rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu, clan, doc.dr.sc. Snjezana Sekusak Galesev, docentica Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fakulteta Sveucilista u Zagrebu i prof.dr.se. Nino Zganec, redoviti profesor Pravnogfakulteta Sveuciliste u Zagrebu, vanjski clan.
Sazetak: Provedeno je istrazivanje imalo za cilj procijeniti kvalitetu usluge stanovanja uz podrsku u zajednici u odnosu na zeljene ishode osoba kojima se pruza podrska te utvrditi mogucnosti za vrsenje izbora i donosenja odluka u svakodnevnom zivotu korisnika ove usluge. Pojedinacni ciljevi istrazivanja bili su usmjereni na: definiranje latentne strukture ispitivanog prostora ostvarenih indikatora kvalitete zivota u zajednici prema procjeni osoba koje primaju iislugu stanovanja it zajednici uz podrsku kao i prema procjeni osoblja koju im istu pruza; ispitivanje postoje li razlike u samoprocjeni ostvarenih indikatora kvalitete zivota u zajednici izmedu skupina ispitanika s obzirom na razinu potrebne im podrske; ispitivanje postoje li razlike u prosudbi osoblja o ostvarenoj podrsci izmedu skupina ispitanika s obzirom na razinu potrebne im podrske; analiza povezanosti latentnih podrucja mjerenja indikatora kvalitete zivota u zajednici osoba koje primaju podrsku i indikatora kvalitete usluge stanovanja uz podrsku; definiranje latentne strukture ispitivanog prostora samoprocjene mogucnosti izbora i donosenja odluka osoba koje primaju iislugu stanovanja it zajednici uz podrsku; te ispitivanje postoje li razlike u samoprocjeni mogucnosti izbora i donosenja odluka izmedu skupina ispitanika u odnosu na razinu potrebne im podrske, u odnosu na duzinu vremena provedenog u programu stanovanja uz podrsku, u odnosu na dob i spol osobe. Istrazivanjem su obuhvacene osobe s intelektualnim teskocama koje koriste iislugu stanovanja uz podrsku (N= 62) kronoloske dobi u rasponu od 21 do 64 godine kao i osoblje koje tvore strucni djelatnici ispitane sluzbe (N=6). U svrhu provodenja istrazivanja izraden je i prímijenjen instrumentarij koji se sastoji od tri instrumenta. Upitnik "Kapacitet sluzbe "(Rozman, 2008) razmatra da li sluzbaposjeduje temeljne uvjete nuzne kako bi mogla razvijati kvalitetu usluge koju pruza. Upitnik "Zivot u zajednici" (Rozman, 2008) usmjeren je na ishode kod osoba kojima se pruza podrska kao i na napore koje sluzba ulaze kako bi osoba postigla iste. Upitnik "Satnoodredenje u svakodnevnom zivotu " (Rozman, Posion, Spuren, Petrovic, Cicic, Budimic, 2008) istrazuje razinu samoodredenja u svakodnevnom zivotu osobe koja prima podrsku sluzbe stanovanja. Analiza metrijskih karakteristika mjernih instrumenata istrazivanja izvedena je programom RTT7.stb. Latentna struktura kvalitete zivota u zajednici i mogucnosti samoodredenja osoba s intelektualnim teskocama identificirana je programom faktorske analize pod komponentnim modelom. Primjenom robustne diskriminacijske analize dobivene su statisticki znacajne razlike u samoprocjeni ostvarenih indikatora kvalitete zivota u zajednici izmedu skupina ispitanika s obzirom na razinu potrebne im podrske kao i statisticki znacajne razlike u prosudbi osoblja o ostvarenoj podrsci izmedu skupina ispitanika s obzirom na razinu potrebne im podrske. Primjenom kvazikanonicke korelacijske analize utvrdena je povezanost izmedu latentnih podrucja mjerenja indikatora kvalitete zivota u zajednici osoba koje primaju podrsku i indikatora kvalitete usluge stanovanja uz podrsku. Pokazalo se takoder da postoje statisticki znacajne razlike u samoprocjeni mogucnosti izbora i donosenja odluka izmedu skupina ispitanika u odnosu na razinu potrebne im podrske, kao i u odnosu na duzitm vremena provedenog u programu stanovanja uz podrsku, u odnosu na dob osobe i na spol osobe.
Kljucne rijeci: intelektualne teskoee, stanovanje uz podrsku, proejena kvalitete usluge, satnoodredenje
Abstract: The present study aimed to assess the quality of community based supported housing services for people with intellectual disabilities by examining the presence of desired outcomes and the possibilities for self determination in the lives of people receiving this setyice in Croatia. Specific objectives of the research focused on: identifying the latent structure of the examined area of achieved quality of community life outcomes as assessed both by the people with intellectual disabilities receiving the seiyice and the staffproviding it; examining whether there are differences in the self assessment of achieved quality of community life indicators between the groups of subjects according to their level of support needs; examining the differences in staff assessment of achieved quality of community life indicators between the groups of subjects according to their level of support needs; analysis of the relation between the latent areas of measurement of the quality of community life indicators and seiyice responsiveness indicators; defining the latent structure of the examined space of self assessment ofpossibilities for choice and decision making of people receiving supported housing seiyices; and examining whether there are differences in the self assessment ofpossibilities of choice and decision making between the groups of subjects in relation to their support needs, the length of time spent receiving supported housing seiyices, their age and gender. Tire swyey includedpeople with intellectual disabilities who use supported housing seiyices (N = 62) of ages ranging from 21-64 years as well as the professional staff of the seiyice responsible for coordinating support provision (N = 6). Research tools consisting of three inteiyiew questionnaires have been developed for the purpose of this study. Thefirst questionnaire Providing Quality Community Living Seiyices (Rozman, 2008), measures the capacity of a community living seiyice provider to provide quality community living seiyices. The second questionnaire Being Included in the Community (Rozman, 2008), is focused on the presence of desired outcomes in the lives ofpeople supported and on the efforts the seiyice invests in achieving these outcomes. The third questionnaire Self determination in Daily Life (Rozman, Posion, Spuren, Petrovic, Cicic, Budimic, 2008)aims to demonstrate the degree of choice and decision making a person who receives support seiyices has in their daily life. The metric characteristics of the questionnaires were analyzed using the RTT7.stb. program. The latent dimensions of quality of community life and of self-determination in daily life were identified using factor analysis under the component model. The application of robust discriminatoiy analysis resulted in statistically significant differences between the groups of subjects related to their level of support needs in both the self-assessment of quality of community life outcomes and the staff assessment of seiyice efforts to achieve these outcomes. Tlie results of the quasi-canonical correlational analysis showed a correlation between the latent areas of measurement of quality of community life indicators and seiyice responsiveness indicators. Statistically significant differences in the self assessment of choice and decision making opportunities were found between the groups of respondents in relation to their support needs, the length of time spent receiving supported housing seiyices, their age and gender.
Key words: intellectual disabilities, supported housing, seiyice quality assessment, self-determination
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Copyright Sveuciliste u Zagrebu, Edukacijsko-Rehabilitacijski Fakultet / University of Zagreb, Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences 2013