Content area
Full Text
Theoretical Framework
Anomie is a word originating from Greek., with "an" meaning absence/lack and nomos meaning rule (Zoghbi & Rodriguez, 2007). Anomie refers to the situation where the structure containing the previous rules has disappeared and the structure containing the new rules is not able to fully form due to the changes occurring in a society or a group (Mansfield, 2004). Individuals are said to face anomie when they fail to encounter sufficient moral constraints, namely when they have no clear understanding of what are appropriate and acceptable behaviors (Ritzer, 1992). The concept of anomie is a sociological concept that has appeared. This concept refers to the deterioration of social values, ethical rules, and social structure as well as the loss of social institutions' functionality (Allport, 2016).
Anomie is the state of irregularity and normlessness in individual behaviors that occur when balance and integration are impaired (Edinsel, 2018; Swingewood, 1998). Anomie is basically considered to be a psychological state characterized with a tendency to be self-involved. In this respect, anomie evokes meanings such as reje cting social norms, alienation, or feeling isolated from society. In line with this conceptualization, anomie is a state of indifference and self-concern that involves feeling life to be meaningless; it is a state where feelings of aimlessness and powerlessness are dominant (Martin, 2000; Kontry, 2005; Baumer, 2007; Bjarnason, 2009). In this context and according to theory, the ideas of interest, position, and concern are combined with a distrust in the leader and the deterioration of the social structure, pushing the individual into a phenomenon of normlessness and a lack of values.
The cultural goals found in Merton's (1994) theory of anomie consist of desire and longing. Tools also exist that individuals can legitimately use to achieve these goals. Distributing cultural norms is important for achieving cultural goals (Can, 2004).
In this context, the concept of anomie can be said to be an attitude based on normlessness and meaninglessness resulting from losing the effectiveness and meaning of the values and rules that emerge with societal changes. After this stage, distrust toward the administration gets added to the anomie process, and destructive consequences such as hopelessness, cynicism, and despair can ultimately occur in societies and individuals. The destructive process that will be...