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Calloway, Colin G. The Scratch of a Pen: 1763 and the Transformation of North America. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006. xvii + 219 pages. Cloth, $28.
Key years in modem history mark important departures from the past. In Western history, several of these transitional points come to mind: 1815 marked the end of Napoleon's reign and the beginning of a new European order; 1865 confirmed the primacy of the federal government and ended slavery in the United States; and 1945 marked the collapse of Europe and ushered in an era of American supremacy in world affairs. Before those watershed years, however, there were the great changes resulting from the end of the Seven Years' War in 1763. In The Scratch of a Pen: 1763 and the Transformation of North America, historian Colin Calloway examines the shifting social, political, and demographic landscape that followed the Treaty of Paris of 1763. As the title indicates, diplomats crafted an agreement meant to transfer power and land in North America into British hands. This transition did indeed happen, but the treaty also put into motion a series of variables that were well beyond the control of British government.
Plenty of traditional histories of the American Revolutionary period have emphasized 1763 and the importance of the end of the French and Indian War, as it was called in North America. Many historians have marked the beginning of the colonial march to rebellion with the signing of the Treaty of Paris of 1763. It...