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Vet Res Commun (2008) 32 (Suppl 1):S295S298
DOI 10.1007/s11259-008-9132-0
ABSTRACT
M. Gavinelli & F. Arioli & M. L. Fracchiolla & A. Casati &G. Pompa
Published online: 8 August 2008 # Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2008
Keywords Anabolic steroids . Bovine faeces . HPLC-MS/MS analysis
Abbreviations BOL boldenonea slopeADD androstadienedioneAED androstenedioneAPCI atmospheric pressure chemical ionization BOL boldenoneCC decision limitCC detection capabilityCV coefficient of variationET epitestosterone N average noiseN standard deviation of the noise amplitude NETA NoretandroloneR2 linearity (RSD)S relative standard deviation of the signal N standard deviation of the noise amplitude SRM Selected Reaction Monitoring T testosteroneTBME Tert-butyl-methyl-ether
M. Gavinelli : F. Arioli : M. L. Fracchiolla : A. Casati : G. Pompa Department of Veterinary Sciences and Technologies for Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
F. Arioli (*)
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Veterinarie per la Sicurezza Alimentare, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italye-mail: [email protected]
Simultaneous measurement of boldenone ( and ), ADD, testosterone, epitestosterone and AED in bovine faeces
S296 Vet Res Commun (2008) 32 (Suppl 1):S295S298
Introduction
The European Directive 96/22/EC bans the use of anabolic steroids in cattle husbandry. Boldenone is categorized in class A3 (growth promoters-steroids) and is the subject of a dispute concerning its possible natural origin in the urine of cattle (De Brabander et al. 2004). Conflicting data have indeed been reported in the literature. Some authors consider the presence of Boldenone in urine always as proof of illegal treatment (Van Puymbroeck et al. 1998; Nielen et al. 2004, 2007), whilst others presume a natural origin of this steroid (Attucci et al. 2003; Sangiorgi et al. 2005), as a result of faecal contamination of urine and fermentation of sterols, present in the faeces by faecal or environmental microorganisms (Sgoifo Rossi et al. 2004; Pompa et al. 2006). It is therefore important to study the transformations this steroid undergoes in faeces. To this aim we developed a method for the simultaneous measurement in bovine faeces of BOL, BOL, T, ET and their precursors/ metabolites ADD and AED.
The criteria established in the 2002/657/EC Commission Decision were followed for the full identification of the analytes and evaluation of sensitivity and repeatability (Antignac et al. 2003).
Materials and methods
The study was performed on fresh...