Fethiye’den başvuran 40 yaşında erkek hasta 4 aydır süren şiddetli kaşıntı şikâyeti ile başvurdu. Dayanılmaz diye tanımladığı kaşıntısının kendisini depresyona soktuğunu ve yaşam kalitesini çok olumsuz etkilediğini belirten hasta, bu şikâyetle 2’si dermatolog ve 2’si dâhiliye uzmanı olmak üzere 4 ayrı doktora başvurmuş. Çeşitli kan tetkikleri ve iki kez prick testi yapılmasına karşın tanı konulamamış. Verilen antipruritik tedavilerden de yarar görmemiş.
Tüm vücutta ve geceleri artan şiddetli kaşıntı klinik olarak skabiesi akla getirdi. Buna yönelik yapılan fizik muayenede kollarda ve karında prurigo papülleri, alt karın bölgesinde ve el parmak iç yüzlerinde birkaç adet silyon izlenimi veren lezyonlar saptandı.
Dermoskopi ile hastanın karnındaki silyon benzeri lezyona bakıldı. Delta belirtisinin görülmesi üzerine skabies tanısı kuvvetlendi (Resim 1). Ardından etkeni göstermeye yönelik olarak tünelin delta belirtisinin görüldüğü uç kısmından bir kazıma yapıldı. Alınan materyal %20 potasyum hidroksit (KOH) ile muamele edildikten sonra mikroskobik olarak incelendi ve yetişkin bir sarkopt gözlendi (Resim 2).
Skabies tanısı konulan hastaya ve ailesine %5 permetrin losyon tedavisi verildi. Hasta 1 hafta sonra kendisiyle yapılan telefon görüşmesinde şikâyetlerinin tamamen geçtiğini ve son birkaç aydır ilk defa kesintisiz uyuyabildiğini belirtti.
Parazitin başına ve ön bacaklarına karşılık gelen kahverenginde delta işareti ve onu takip eden, tünele karşılık gelen beyaz lineer segment yani duman işareti (jet ve duman bulgusu) skabies açısından oldukça spesifik bir bulgu olup; dermal kazıntı yaymasına ihtiyaç olmadan tanı koyduran kolay ve invaziv olmayan bir yöntemdir (1). Dermoskopik olarak skabies tanısında delta belirtisinin değeri son Avrupa skabies rehberinde de vurgulanmıştır (2).
İpucu;
Skabies klinik şüphesi olan hastalarda dermoskopik muayene basit, hızlı ve duyarlı bir tanı aracı olabilir.
A 40-year-old man from Fethiye was admitted to our outpatient clinics with complaint of severe pruritus for four months. He stated that the pruritus is unbearable and got him into depression and affected his quality of life very negatively. The patient applied to 4 different doctors as 2 dermatologists and 2 internal specialists for his complaint. Several blood tests and two prick tests couldn’t make a diagnosis. The given antipruritic treatments were also not beneficial.
Severe pruritus all over the body with night exacerbation has suggested us scabies. On physical examination, there were several prurigo papules on abdomen area and arms, and burrows on the inner side of fingers of the hand and lower abdomen.
Dermoscopic evaluation of the suspected lesion revealed delta sign that strengthened our diagnosis of scabies (Figure 1). Then a scraping smear was made from the region of delta sign. The material was treated with 20% potassium hydroxide and then microscopically examined and an adult sarcopt was observed (Figure 2).
Patient diagnosed with scabies and 5% permethrin lotion was prescribed. After 1 week, the patient told us on telephone that the complaints had completely lost and he was able to sleep for the first time in the last few months.
The brown delta mark or jet corresponding to the parasite’s head and fore legs, followed by the white linear segment corresponding to the tunnel, i.e. the trail sign (jet and trail), is a very specific finding in terms of scabies, and the dermoscopy is a simple and non-invasive method of diagnosing without the need for scrape (1). The value of the delta sign of scabies in dermoscopy has also been emphasized in the latest European scabies guide (2).
Tip;
Dermoscopic examination in patients with clinical suspicion of scabies can be a simple, fast and sensitive diagnostic tool.
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Copyright Aves Yayincilik Ltd. STI. Dec 2017
Abstract
A 40-year-old man from Fethiye was admitted to our outpatient clinics with complaint of severe pruritus for four months. He stated that the pruritus is unbearable and got him into depression and affected his quality of life very negatively. The patient applied to 4 different doctors as 2 dermatologists and 2 internal specialists for his complaint. Several blood tests and two prick tests couldn’t make a diagnosis. The given antipruritic treatments were also not beneficial.