Soil Pollution - Causes and Effects

Abstract

The study of soil pollution has occupied the attention of a large number of researchers because of its continuity and effect on humans, animals and plants alike. Soil pollution occurs as a result of the entry of elements that change the composition and organism of the soil, and reduce its fertility, making it more vulnerable to drought, and unsuitable for agriculture. The research addresses the most important soil pollutants before radioactive uranium pollution, pollution by industrial and household waste, volcanic eruptions, forest fires, and others. Most of the agricultural lands are irrigated by rivers polluted with factory wastewater. Also, the research discusses the most important sources of pollution represented by pesticides and chemical fertilizers that contain toxic substances and seep into the soil to remain for a long time, and contribute to eliminate soil fertility. The research deals with the impact of logging the desertification of agricultural areas and their transformation into a vast desert that is unsuitable for agriculture, and pollutes the soil with hydrocarbons. The research refers to the method of soil protection and agricultural lands from pollution by using organic agriculture, fertilizers, organic and bio-pesticides, and forest planting..