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Abstract

Studies with focus on networks, clusters and other forms of organization show that geographical proximity is an important factor of success. Also these studies show that geographical proximity alone, might not enable the creation of a network. François Perroux[13], proposes the recognition of the duality of economic activity, by distinguishing between geographical space and "geonomic" one (science that studies the ownership of land), as an abstract space in which the economic activity: transaction, cooperation, competition could be built. In the interactional approach of coordination, the basic unit is not only the individual, but also the relationship between actors.From the perspective of the contribution of coordination, proximity can be seen as a potential for creation in response to an unsafe situation.Proximity can be considered as a framework and condition that allow interaction, and interaction as a possible vector constitutes coordination (interaction does not necessarily bring coordination). In other words, one should consider the possibility of coordination without interactions, to certain conditions of proximity.

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1. Introduction

Initially geographical proximity plays a facilitating role in coordination, following the placement of agents in a state of institutional proximity are more likely to meet if they are geographically close. Geographical proximity facilitates the transfer of the relationship from an organizational context to another. The diversity of resources in the same geographical area facilitates the combination and recombination dynamics. Geographical proximity facilitates direct interactions through face-to-face relationships. Also, empirical studies on knowledge spread show that intersectoral effects are favored by geographical proximity [3] [6]. When geographical proximity and organized proximity intervene jointly, they contribute to the emergence of a territory, setting out and within the definition of a self-process through building common booster resources allocated between actors and favoring their territorial anchoring.

Territory should not be considered as a simple host of economic activity. It must be considered as jobs generator, mixer of productive resources in a dynamic logic based on a combination of endogenous and exogenous development factors. The key of territorial structure consists of contributions creating organizational and institutional proximity in the context of geographical proximity, seeking ways in which these can play in a sense favorably to the development of the first. The link between the organized proximity reflecting industrial dimension,and geographic proximity...

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