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ABSTRACT
"Spiritual Intelligence" (S.Q) is a mysterious concept. Psychologists including Howard Gardener avoided the topic for almost about a century. Only recently, scholars from different walks of sciences and psychology world over started realizing the importance of spiritual aspects of human development, intelligence and behavior.
Here, the psychometric properties and steps of a tool designed to measure Spiritual Intelligence is described. The construction of this test was undertaken as a challenge to Zohar's assertion that SQ can not be measured (Zohar, 2000).
This test comprises a total of 11 and 75 items. The dimensions are: 1) Belief in God and religiosity, 2) Belief in the existence of Soul, 3) Self awareness, 4) Practicing spiritual exercises, 5) Life style values, 6) Belief in Fate and Karma, 7) Practicing good social relations, 8) Ability to see divinity in love, 9) Practicing spirituality in leadership, 10) Having a sense of gender equality, and 11) Helping attitude.
The reliability of the test was assessed twice on two different types of samples and it yielded an overall reliability for the tool approached .91.
Further author's operational definition of Spiritual Intelligence and applications of the Spiritual intelligence to enhance quality of life and work have been delineated upon.
Keywords: Spiritual Quotient, Spiritual Intelligence, Spirituality in Management, and Psychological Test for spirituality, Spirituality.
INTRODUCTION
At the beginning of the twentieth century, as psychologists discovered ways and means to measure intelligence, Aristotle's definition of a man as 'a rational animal' developed into an obsession with IQ among psychologists as well as common people. This obsession continued till the mid-1990s when Daniel Goleman popularized the term emotional intelligence, E.Q., pointing out that EQ is a basic requirement for the appropriate use of IQ. This gave rise of the possibility of the roles of some other kinds of intelligence, other than just IQ, By the end of the twentieth century, there was enough collective evidence from psychology, neurology, anthropology and cognitive sciences to show existence of a third 'Q', 'SQ', or Spiritual Intelligence (Howard, G, 1993; and Zohar & Marshall-2002).
Spiritual Intelligence "S.Q.": The Ultimate Intelligence
Spiritual intelligence is defined in many different ways by many scholars. For example, VVikipedia defined SQ as a measure that looks at a person's spiritual intelligence in...