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Environ Sci Pollut Res (2015) 22:1037510394 DOI 10.1007/s11356-015-4532-5
REVIEW ARTICLE
Superoxide dismutasementor of abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants
Sarvajeet Singh Gill1 & Naser A. Anjum2 & Ritu Gill1 & Sandeep Yadav3 &
Mirza Hasanuzzaman4 & Masayuki Fujita5 & Panchanand Mishra6 & Surendra C. Sabat6 &
Narendra Tuteja3
Received: 29 December 2014 /Accepted: 12 April 2015 /Published online: 30 April 2015 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015
Abstract Abiotic stresses impact growth, development, and productivity, and significantly limit the global agricultural productivity mainly by impairing cellular physiology/biochemistry via elevating reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. If not metabolized, ROS (such as O2, OH, H2O2, or
1O2) exceeds the status of antioxidants and cause damage to DNA, proteins, lipids, and other macromolecules, and finally cellular metabolism arrest. Plants are endowed with a family of enzymes called superoxide dismutases (SODs) that protects cells against potential consequences caused by cytotoxic O2 by catalyzing its conversion to O2 and
H2O2. Hence, SODs constitute the first line of defense against abiotic stress-accrued enhanced ROS and its reaction products. In the light of recent reports, the present effort: (a) overviews abiotic stresses, ROS, and their metabolism; (b) introduces and discusses SODs and their types, significance, and appraises abiotic stress-
mediated modulation in plants; (c) analyzes major reports available on genetic engineering of SODs in plants; and finally, (d) highlights major aspects so far least studied in the current context. Literature appraised herein reflects clear information paucity in context with the molecular/genetic insights into the major functions (and underlying mechanisms) performed by SODs, and also with the regulation of SODs by post-translational modifications. If the previous aspects are considered in the future works, the outcome can be significant in sustainably improving plant abiotic stress tolerance and efficiently managing agricultural challenges under changing climatic conditions.
Keywords Abiotic stresses . Reactive oxygen species . Oxidative stress . Superoxide dismutase . SOD genetic engineering
Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues
* Sarvajeet Singh Gill [email protected]
* Naser A. Anjum [email protected]
* Narendra Tuteja [email protected]
1 Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, Centre forBiotechnology, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
2 CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
3 Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB),...