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Abstract
In this study, the kinetics of thermal degradation of three ionic liquids (ILs) were investigated using non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis to investigate the thermal stability of ILs with various anion. Di(4-sulfonic acid) dibutyltriethylene diammonium di(hydrogen sulfate, ([DABCODBS][HSO4]2), di(4-sulfonic acid) dibutyltriethylene diammonium di(trifluoromethanesulfonate) ([DABCODBS][CF3SO3]2) and di(4-sulfonic acid) dibutyltriethylene diammonium di(chloride) ([DABCODBS][Cl]2) were subjected to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in the temperature range of 50-800°C at four heating rates of 10, 15, 20 and 25°C/min using nitrogen at a flow rate of 20 L/min as purge gas. The average activation energies (Ea) calculated using Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and Starink methods are 163.49, 173.33 and 162.58 kJ/mol for [DAB CODB S][HSO4]2, 119.59, 130.41 and 119.07 kJ/mol for [DABCODBS][CF3SO3]2, and 199.72, 210.50 and 198.63 kJ/mol for [DABCODBS][Cl]2, respectively. The results presented through all kinetic methods are in close agreement with each other and showed a decreasing thermal stability trend of [DABCODBS][Cl]2 > [DABCODBS][HSO4]2 > [DABCODBS][CF3SO3]2. The results also showed that intermediates were formed for [DABCODBS][CF3SO3]2 and [DABCODBS][HSO4]2 until achieved total decomposition, while there was no intermediate formed for the pyrolysis kinetic of [DABCODBS][Cl]2. This study shows the effect of nature of anion towards the thermal stability and decomposition mechanism of ILs.
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1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.; Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids (CORIL), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.
2 LCME/CISM, Universite Savoie Mont-Blanc, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac Cedex, France.