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Trichoderma harzianum T6776 modulates a complex metabolic network to stimulate tomato cv. Micro-Tom growth
Lisa Fiorini & Lorenzo Guglielminetti & Lorenzo Mariotti & Maurizio Curadi &
Piero Picciarelli & Andrea Scartazza & Sabrina Sarrocco & Giovanni Vannacci
Received: 8 June 2015 /Accepted: 10 November 2015 /Published online: 18 November 2015 # Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015
AbstractBackground and aims Trichoderma harzianum 6776 is a novel and beneficial tomato fungal isolate. To investigate the mechanisms underlying the T. harzianum 6776-tomato interaction, several physiological and biochemical responses were explored on dwarf tomato plants, cv. Micro-Tom.
Methods Growth of treated and untreated plants was evaluated by measuring the height and biomass production of plants. The leaf pigment content and sugar partitioning in plant organs were evaluated by biochemical analysis. The photosynthetic parameters were measured by a miniaturized PAM fluorometer and a portable gas-exchange system. The hormonal analysis in root and xylem sap was performed by gas cromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Results T. harzianum 6776 positively affected plant growth, increasing the leaf pigment content and
improving the photosynthetic activity at both stomatal and non-stomatal levels. Differences in pigment composition and photosynthetic performance were reflected in the carbohydrate content and their partitioning. In the absence of a pathogen, root and xylem vessel stress and growth-related hormone balance were affected by the interaction with T. harzianum 6776, with an increase in jasmonic and indoleacetic acids and a decrease in salicylic acid content.
Conclusions This study shows the complex connection between increased hormone accumulation and transport, altered sugar partitioning and enhanced photosynthetic efficiency induced by T. harzianum 6776, and how growth promotion is the result of the combination of these drastic changes in Micro-Tom plants.
Keywords Beneficial fungi . Endophytism . Photochemical efficiency. Pigment content . Sugar partitioning, Hormonal profiling
AbbreviationsT6776 Trichoderma harzianum strain 6776 MT Micro-Tom plantsJA Jasmonic acidSA Salicylic acidIAA Indol-acetic acidDPI Days post inoculumDPS Days post sowingPSII Photosystem II
Responsible Editor: Jesus Mercado-Blanco.
L. Fiorini (*) : L. Guglielminetti : M. Curadi :
P. Picciarelli : S. Sarrocco : G....