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Jessica Pereira. 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. 2 INSERM UMR S-765, Paris, France.
Sophie Portron. 3 Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France. 4 INSERM UMR S-791, Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France.
Blandine Dizier. 2 INSERM UMR S-765, Paris, France.
Claire Vinatier. 3 Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France. 4 INSERM UMR S-791, Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France.
Martial Masson. 3 Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France. 4 INSERM UMR S-791, Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France.
Sophie Sourice. 3 Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France. 4 INSERM UMR S-791, Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France.
Isabelle Galy-Fauroux. 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. 2 INSERM UMR S-765, Paris, France.
Pierre Corre. 3 Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France. 4 INSERM UMR S-791, Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France. 5 Clinique de Stomatologie et Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.
Pierre Weiss. 3 Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France. 4 INSERM UMR S-791, Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France. 6 CHU Nantes, PHU4 OTONN, Nantes, France.
Anne-Marie Fischer. 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. 2 INSERM UMR S-765, Paris, France. 7 AP-HP, Service d'Hématologie biologique, Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
Jérôme Guicheux. 3 Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France. 4 INSERM UMR S-791, Université de Nantes, LIOAD, Nantes, France. 6 CHU Nantes, PHU4 OTONN, Nantes, France.
Dominique Helley. 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. 2 INSERM UMR S-765, Paris, France. 7 AP-HP, Service d'Hématologie biologique, Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
Address correspondence to: Dominique Helley, MD, PhD, INSERM UMR S-765, 4 Ave. de l'Observatoire, Paris 75006, France, E-mail: [email protected]
Introduction
Bone tissue engineering combines human stem cells and a biomaterial scaffold to repair defects resulting from trauma or pathological degeneration.1 If bone repair is to occur, the implanted stem cells should undergo osteogenic differentiation. Among biomaterials, macroporous and microporous biphasic calcium phosphate particles (BCPs) are widely used. BCPs are osteoconductive (i.e., they promote the formation of a new bone structure) and osteo-inductive (i.e., they enhance the recruitment of other cells to induce bone formation).2
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from various tissues such as bone marrow or adipose tissue can differentiate into chondrocyte, adipocyte, and osteoblast lineages.