O&M troubleshooting guide for geothermal heat pumps

Abstract

To protect the groundwater from contamination through failure of the water to refrigerant heat exchanger in the heat pump, a plate and frame heat exchanger is often used to separate the well water in a groundwater heat pump or standing column system from the water circulated through the heat pumps. It is often possible to select a submersible pump which gives the required flow through the well water side of the heat exchanger with no excess capacity.