Content area
Full text
_: Sindh has a great history of 'Indus River Valley Civilization', which occurred more than 5000 BC, at Kot Diji near Khairpur and Moenjodaro near Dokri , sindh, about 580 km from Karachi. Some remains of old traces have been left and all other things have vanished. With reference to the history of Sindh, in 711 AD (Anno Domini), Muhammad ibn Qasim led an Umayyad force of 20,000 cavalry and five catapults, aided by local leaders such as Mokah Basayah, Thakore of Bhatta, Ibn Wasayo, eventually defeated the Brahman Raja Dahir and captured the cities of Alor, Multan and Debal .
They built the grand city of Mansura, historically known as a vibrant Sindhi Muslim city. Some religious Saints and Sufis preached Islam in the Sindh province and they were Shah Latif Bhataii, near Bhait (Hala), Shahbaz Qulander (Usman Marwandi), near Sehwan and Scahal Sarmast, near Daraza in Rani pur.
Some old forts were built at Hyderabad, Umerkot, Rani pur etc. Many archaeological treasures have added in Sindh Museum, at Ranibagh, Hyderabad. Karachi has many old relics of the time of different rules of Sindh and the British Empire.
Geographically, Sindh is the third largest province of Pakistan, stretching about 579 km from north to south and 442 km (extreme) or 281 km (average) from east to west, with an area of 140,914 square kilometers (54,408 sq miles) or 14.1 million hectares (or 34.84 million acres) of Pakistani territory.
Sindh is bounded by the Thar Desert to the east, the Kirthar Mountains to the west, and the Arabian Sea in the south. In the Centre (north) is a fertile plain around the Indus River.
Sindh lies in a tropical to subtropical region. It is hot in the summer and mild to warm in winter. Temperatures frequently rise above 46 »C (115 »F) between May and August and the minimum average temperature of 2 »c (36t°F) occurs during December and January in the northern and higher elevated regions.
The annual rainfall averages about seven inches, falling mainly during July and September. The southwest monsoon wind begins to blow in mid-February and continues until the end of September, whereas the cool northerly wind blows during the winter months from October to January.
Sindh lies between the...