Passive Sensor Network Localization Using TDOA With Sensor Position Errors

Abstract

This paper explores passive localization of a source considering errors in sensor position. We propose an improved closed-form solution method that incorporates time difference of arrival (TDOA) information for positioning. First, the proposed method transforms the nonlinear equations based on TDOA into pseudo-linear equations, thereby decreasing the intricacy of the original nonlinear problem and providing a more straightforward approach for solving it. Additionally, by employing the weighted spherical interpolation technique to acquire the initial estimate of the source. This technique leverages the correlation between the source and the sensors, providing a more accurate preliminary estimate. To further refine the initial estimate and mitigate the effects of sensor position errors, an auxiliary variable is introduced. By establishing its relationship with the position error, a positioning equation is formulated. Solving this equation yields the final accurate source position estimate. Numerical simulation results reveal that the proposed method not only improves positioning accuracy but also exhibits improved robustness.