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Shandra Gupta II continued his father's military program and through conquests extended the empire's borders to the west, northwest, and east. His son, Kumara Gupta, began his 40-year reign in A.D. 413. He organized the vast empire's administration and maintained the peace, prosperity, and security his predecessors had established. Toward the end of his rule, invading tribes known as the Huns crossed into India, but Crown Prince Skanda Gupta defeated them.
When the increasingly powerful Huns threatened the Guptas a second time, Skanda, who, upon his father's death in A.D. 455, had become king, defeated them once again. Hailed as the savior of India, Skanda was granted the right to assume the title Vikramaditya ("Sun of Prowess"), as...